110 LICHENACEI. 



t. 373. Boeomyces byssoides Mudd, Man. p. 63. Lichen fungiformis 

 With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 14, pro parte. Coralloides fungiforme saxatile, 

 pallide fuscum Dill. Muse. 78, t. 14. f. 4. Lichenoides fungiforme 

 terrestre, capitulw fuscis Dill, in Ray Syn. ed. 3, 70. 39. Brit. 

 Exs. : Leight. n. 178 : Mudd, n. 30 ; Larb. Caesar, n. 6 ; Cromb. 

 n. 12; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 43. 



Usually spreads very extensively, though often subdeterminate. It 

 varies somewhat in thickness, being either moderate and granulose, or 

 thinnish and almost leprose, and also in colour from greenish -white to 

 dark-greyish, according to substratum and exposure. These minor and 

 accidental differences gave rise to the enumeration of supposed species, 

 none of which, however, can rank even as forms. The apothecia are 

 usually very numerous, simple, or conglomerate, with the stipes occa- 

 sionally branched, and when dry sulcato-corrugate. 



Hab. On sandy and gravelly soil, occasionally on rocks and stones, 

 rarely on rotten wood, in shady upland situations. Distr. General and 

 common in most parts of Great' Britain, Ireland, and the Channel Islands, 

 but chiefly in hilly and mountainous tracts. B. M. : Rozel, Island of 

 Jersey ; Island of Sark. Epping Forest, Essex ; Hornsey Wood, Mid- 

 dlesex ; Leith Hill, Surrey ; Ightham Common, Kent ; Lyndhurst, New 

 Forest, Hants ; Isle of AVight ; near South Brent, Devonshire ; Penzance, 

 Withiel and near Bocconoc, Cornwall ; Ampthill, Bedfordshire ; Mal- 

 vern, Worcestershire ; Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire ; Bishop's Castle, 

 Shropshire ; Welshpool, Montgomeryshire ; Barmouth and Dolgelly, 

 Merionethshire ; Island of Anglesea ; Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; 

 Eglestone, Durham ; Keswick, Cumberland ; Grayrigg Forest, West- 

 moreland ; Hexham, Northumberland ; Ashby, Cumberland. New Gal- 

 loway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Leadhills, Lanarkshire ; Pentland Hills, 

 near Edinburgh ; Ashburn, Gourock, Renfrewshire ; Craig Calliach, Ben 

 Lawers, and Blair Athole, Perthshire ; Sidlaw Hills, Forfarshire ; near 

 Portlethen, Kincardineshire ; Glen Callater, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 

 Mangerton and Killarney, co. Kerry; Connemara, co. Gal way. 



Var. /3. sufosquamulosus Nyl. Flora, 1877, p. 463. Thallus 

 determinate, granuloso-squamulose in the centre, squamulose at the 

 circumference. Apothecia sessile, minute, simple or conglomerate, 

 dark-brown. Cromb. Grevillea, xv. p. 15. Bwomyces rufus if. ses- 

 silis et carneus Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 16. Var. carneus Leight. Lich. 

 Fl. p. 53, et f. sessilis, ed. 3, p. 51. Bceomyces Ugnorum Gray, Nat. 

 Arr. i. p. 413 pro parte. Brit. Exs.: Larb. Caesar, n. 7; Cromb. 

 n. 116. 



Distinguished by the more squamulose thallus and smaller apothecia. 

 It is subsimilar to B. carneus Flork., which does not occur in our Islands, 

 and which, though generally regarded as a var. of B. rufus, is a distinct 

 species. In B. carneus the thallus is squamulose, with the squamules 

 contiguous, inciso-crenate, the podetia distinctly, though shortly stipitate, 

 and the thalline reaction K+yellow, and then immediately saffron-red 

 (vide Nyl. Flora, 1877, p. 462). In this variety the thallus is usually 

 orbicular and moderate in size, with the apothecia minute and scattered, 

 though two or three often become conglomerate, and in a dry state 

 entirely sessile. 



Hab. On sandy and peaty soil, rarely on putrid wood, in exposed mari- 



