118 LICHENACEI. [sTEREOCAULON. 



the axis naked and the granules almost entirely pulverulent. They are 

 quite sterile as in W. France, the only other region in which the plant 

 has hitherto been detected. 



Hab. Among mosses on granitic boulders in upland districts. Distr. 

 Sparingly among the Central Grampians, Scotland. B. M. : Near Loch 

 Eagh, Rannoch Moor, Perthshire. 



3. S. pascliale Fr. Stirp. Femsj. (1825) p. 35. Thallus mode- 

 rate or somewhat large ; podetia stipate or subdispersed, erect or 

 subdecumbent, very much branched, the axis somewhat compressed, 

 at first arachnoid, speedily becoming nearly glabrous ; podetial 

 granules squamulose, crenate, greyish-white or whitish. Apothecia 

 moderate, terminal or subtenninal, plane or convex, brown or dark- 

 brown ; spores usually 3-, sometimes 5-9-septate, fusiformi-cylin- 

 drical, 0,018-40 mm. long, 0,0935-45 mm. thick. Kyi. Syn. i. 

 p. 242, t. 7. ff. 18-28; Cromb. Grevillea, xv. p. 15; Lich. Brit, 

 p. 17 pro parte ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 77, ed. 3, p. 70 pro parte. 

 Lichen paschalis Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) p. 1153 pro parte. 



As already stated, S. coralloides has for the most part been confounded 

 with this by British authors. The podetia are but loosely adherent to the 

 substratum, and often become nearly free. From S. coralloides it differs 

 also in the podetia being stipate (not csespitose) and in the granules 

 being smaller and less distinctly dactyloid-divided. It is essentially a 

 plant of cold climates, where it frequently spreads extensively ; but in 

 this country it is one of our rarest lichens. The apothecia are not very 

 numerous, and are usually situated at or near the apices of the podetia. 

 The cephalodia are verrucose, greyish, with the gonimia glomerulose, 

 often moniliform. The spermogones are not uncommon, with spermatia 

 0,0045-55 mm. long, about 0,001 mm. thick. 



Hab. Among mosses on rocks and the ground in alpine tracts. Distr. 

 Very sparingly among the N. Grampians, Scotland. B. M. : Upper Glen 

 Dee", Braemar, Aberdeeushire. 



4. S. evolutum Graewe ex Fr. fil. Bot. Not. 1865, p. 181. 

 Thallus somewhat small or moderate ; podetia caespitose, very much 

 and divaricately branched, especially towards the apices, glabrous ; 

 podetial granules ramuloso-divided, stipate and very much crowded 

 at the apices, greyish-glaucous or whitish. Apothecia terminal, 

 moderate or somewhat large, at first somewhat plane and thinly 

 margined, pale- or dark-brown ; spores firm, oblong or oblongo- 

 fusiform, obtuse, 3-septate, 0,018-28 mm. long, 0,005-7 mm. thick. 

 Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 359 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 72. 

 This also has been confounded with S. pascliale, Brit. Exs. : 

 Cromb. n. 120. 



Intermediate between S. coralloides and S. paschale, but sufficiently 

 distinguished from both by the constantly 3-septate spores. The podetia 

 are usually suberect, pretty closely adherent to the substratum, and in 

 large plants less aggregate. The apothecia in old plants become tuber- 

 culato-difform, and often burst asunder. The cephalodia (which are not 

 very frequent) and the spermogones are as in S. coralloides. 



Hab. On rocks and walls in maritime and mountainous districts. 



