PVCNOTHKLIA.] CLADONIEI. 125 



occasionally numerous and crowded. The apothecia in this country are 

 extremely rare, at least in a rightly developed condition. The spermo- 

 gones, however, are frequent, with spermatia 0,010-13 mm. long, 0,0005 

 mm. thick. 



Hub. On the ground in dry exposed places of upland and subalpine 

 moorland districts. Distr. General, but nowhere common, in the hilly 

 and mountainous tracts i;f Great Britain and Ireland. B. M. : Mouse- 

 hold Heath, Norwich, Norfolk ; Bournemouth, Hants ; Dartmoor, Devon- 

 shire ; St. Breock, Cornwall ; Llandrindod Hill, Radnorshire ; Ayton, 

 Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Eglestone, Durham. New Galloway, Kirkcud- 

 brightshire ; Appin, Argyllshire ; Ben Lawer.s and Eannoch, Perthshire ; 

 Benuaboord, Morroue (frt.), and above Loch Callater, Braemar, Aber- 

 deenshire ; Ben Nevis, Inverness-shire ; Applecross, Ross-shire ; near 

 Lairg, Sutherlandshire. Doneraile Mts., co. Cork ; Kilkee, co. Clare ; 

 Killarney, co. Kerry. 



Form molariformis, Cromb. Grevillea, xi. p. 111. Podetia longer, 

 thicker, divided towards the apices, the branches short, subpapillate, 

 subfastigiate. Var. molariformis Nyl. in Cromb. Lich. Brit. (1870) 

 p. 18. Cladonia molariformis Hoff'm. Deutsch. Fl. (1795) p. 117. 



A luxuriant and robust form, with the podetia crowded and branched, 

 and the basal crust but little visible. Nylander observes (Lich. Scand. 

 p. 60) that it occurs more frequently in Central than in Northern Europe ; 

 and this corresponds with its distribution in Great Britain. With us the 

 apothecia do not occur, and the spermogones are less frequent than in 

 the type. 



Hab. On the ground among rocks in upland situations. Distr. Very 

 local, though common where it occurs, in S. England. B. M. : Ardingly 

 Rocks, Sussex. 



2. P. apoda Nyl. Flora, 1865, p. 211 (note), 1878, p. 241. 

 Thallus thin, thinly granuloso-erustaceouSjWhite or whitish ; podetia 

 small, erect, ellipsoideo-vesiculose or subgranuliform (K + yellow, 

 CaCl ). Apothecia sessile, small, often aggregate, plane, immar- 

 ginate or somewhat convex, rusty-red or red-ochraceous ; spores 

 fusiformi-oblong, 0,007-0,010 mm', long, 0,004 mm. thick ; epithe- 

 cium reddish-brown. Cromb. Grevillea, vii. p. 97 ; Leight. Lich. 

 Fl. ed. 3, p. 544. 



From the preceding well distinguished by the apothecia being sessile 

 on the basal thallus. The podetia, which are few, are seen only in an 

 abortive condition. A singular character of the plant is that the spermo- 

 gones usually occur inclosed in the hynienium, without any distinct con- 

 ceptacle. The spermatia are slightly arcuate, 0,008-0,012 mm. long, 

 0,OC05 mm. thick. 



Hab. On the ground in a maritime district. Distr. Very local and rare, 

 in N.W. Ireland (near Kylemore, co. Galway). 



