182 LICHENACEI. [CLADONIA. 



rounded, entire or slightly crenate ; podetia rarely present, short, 

 slender, glabrous, simple, sometimes bifid at the apices, ascyphous 

 (K , CaCl ). Apothecia solitary, turgid, capitate, brown ; spores 

 0,010-12 mm. long, 0,003-35 mm. thick. Cromb. Grevillea, xi. 

 p. 111. Cladonia pyoddata subsp. leptophylla Cromb. Lich. Brit, 

 p. 18 ; var. leptophylla Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 61, ed. 3, p. 57. Cladonia 

 cariosa /3. leptophylla Mudd, Brit. Clad. p. 6. Cladonia squamosa 

 f. leptophylla Mudd, Man. p. 57. Helopodium leptopliyllum Gray,Nat. 

 Arr. i. p. 416. Cenomyce leptophylla Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 568. 

 Scypliophorus microphi/llus Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 237. Lichen micro- 

 phyllus Eng. Bot. t. 1782. 



This anomalous plant resembles C. cariosa, but beside other characters 

 differs in the absence of any thalline reaction. It is near C. pyxidata ; 

 but the form of the thallus and of the podetia (which when dry become 

 shrunken and somewhat costate) entitle it to rank as a species ; it was so 

 regarded by the older authors, and more recently by Nylander (' Flora/ 

 1874, p. 70). The apothecia are nearly hemispherical, and much broader 

 than the podetia. 



Hab. In moist places amongst heaths in wooded upland tracts. Distr. 

 Very sparingly in S. England and S.W. Scotland ; probably overlooked 

 elsewhere. B. M . : Tilgate Forest, Sussex. New Galloway, Kirkcud- 

 brightshire. 



6. C. pityrea Florke Clad. (1828) p. 79. Thallus squamulose 

 at the base ; squamules minute, often evanescent, greyish-green 

 above, white beneath : podetia somewhat short, slender, entirely 

 furfuraceo-granulate, obsoletely and irregularly scyphiferous, greyish- 

 white ; scyphi narrow, little evolute or divided, fimbriato-radiate 

 and often proliferous at the margins (K , CaCl ). Apothecia 

 moderate or small, subpedicellate or sessile, pale- or dark-brown. 

 Cromb. Grevillea, xi. p. 112. Cladonia pyxidata subsp. pityrea 

 Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 18. Cladonia pyxidata p. pityrea Mudd, Brit. 

 Clad. p. 15 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 60, ed. 3, p. 57. Capitularia pityrea 

 Florke in Web. et Mohr, Beitr. ii. (1810) p. 182. Coralloides 

 parum ramosum, tuberculis fuscis Dill. Muse. 97, t. 15. f. 20. Cla- 

 donia pyxidatavar. sympTiicarpa Cromb. (non Ach.) Lich. Brit. p. 18; 

 Grevillea, xi. p. Ill, is an obscure state of this. Brit. Exs. : Mudd, 

 Clad. nos. 27-29, 16 pro parte, and 38; Larb. Caesar, n. 8. 



Eesembling generally C.Jimbriata and var.chlorophcea of C.pyxidata, yet 

 so constant as to deserve to rank as a proper species. It is distinguished 

 by the furfuraceo-pulverulent podetia and the minutely fimbriate narrow 

 scyphi, which are pervious or non-pervious. The apothecia are small and 

 marginal on the scyphi, or large and subpedicellate, becoming dark in old 

 age. 



Hab. On the ground among mosses and on dead stumps of trees in 

 upland situations. Distr. Local and scarce in S. and N. England, and 

 among the Grampians, Scotland ; rare in N.W. Ireland and the 

 Channel Islands. B. M. : Noirmont, Island of Jersey. New Forest, 

 Hants ; Dartmoor, Devonshire ; Helminton, near Bodmin, Cornwall ; 

 Loundsdale, Guisboro' Moor, near Roseberry, Ayton Moor, and Black 



