150 LICHEXACKI. 



Huds. F!. Aiigl. p. 459 ; Light!. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 881 ; With. Arr. iv. 

 p. 42. Coralloides corniculis longiorihus et rariorilus Dill. Muse. 

 102, t. 16. f. 26. Lichenoides tubulosum cinereum minus crustaceum, 

 minusque ramosum Dill, in Ray, Syn. ed. 3, p. 67, n. 17. Brit. 

 Exs. : Mudd, n. 16 pro parte, Clad. nos. 50, 51 . 



This, even its more limited Nylanderian conception, is a very variable 

 species as to the podetia, the differences in which give rise to the fol- 

 lowing subspecies, varieties, and forms. As observed by Nylander (/. .), 

 it approaches on the one hand C. yracilit* and on the other Cladina rangi- 

 ferina. The type, as above described, is Lichen subulatus of Linnseus 

 and other authors, which in general appearance is somewhat similar to 

 C. gracilis (chordalis), from which it is at once distinguished by the 

 apically furcate podetia. These are at times dark-brown (form spadicea 

 Pers., Ach.) and at other times white (form epermena Ach.), according to 

 nature of habitat, the latter state occurring chiefly on cretaceous and 

 calcareous soil. When fertile, as it rarely is with us, the branches are 

 usually subfastigiate at the apices, with the apothecia either solitary or 

 cymoso-aggregate. For the anatomical texture of the thallus, vide Nyl. 

 I. c. 



Hob. On the ground on moorlands and in woods in upland tracts. 

 Distr. Probably general and common in Great Britain and Ireland, though 

 seen from only a comparatively few localities. B. M. : Epping Forest, 

 Essex ; near Widdicombe and Bovey Tracey, S. Devon ; Temple Moor, 

 Cornwall ; Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire ; Barmouth, Merioneth- 

 shire; Island of Anglesea; near Ayton and Newton, Cleveland, York- 

 shire. Appin, Argyleshire ; Killin, Perthshire ; Sidlaw Hills and Clova, 

 Forfarshire ; Glen Callater, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; llothiemurchns, 

 Inverness-shire. Killarney, co. Kerry. 



Form exilis Mudd, Brit. Clad. (1865) p. 23. Podetia very slender, 

 short, simple or sparingly branched, once or twice furcate at the 

 apices. Apothecia small, aggregate, dark-brown. Cromb. Grevillea, 

 xi. p. 113. Cladonia furcata var. tenuissima Cromb. Lich. Brit, 

 p. 20 pro parte. Brit. Exs. : Mudd, Clad. n. 53. 



This apparently descends from var. tenuissima Florke, of which pro- 

 bably it is only a more stunted state, being from | to 1 in. high. In 

 fertile specimens the podetia are somewhat thicker and but sparingly 

 branched, with very rarely a few minute scattered squamules. The 

 apothecia are usually somewhat numerous. 



Hob. On sterile ground in upland moorlands. Distr. Local and scarce 

 in N. England, S. Scotland, and among the Grampians ; no doubt to be 

 detected elsewhere. B. M. : Guisboro' Moor, Cleveland, Yorkshire. 

 New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Glen Lochay, Killin, Perthshire ; 

 Hill of Fare, Aberdeenshire. 



Var. /3. corymhosa Nyl. Syn. (1860) p. 207. Podetia thickish, 

 usually efoliolose, here and there longitudinally fissured, as also at 

 one or the other side of the apices, which are radiato-ramose or 

 subcorymbose. Apothecia as in the type. Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 20, 

 Grevillea, xi. p. 113. Cenomyce allotropa var. corymbosa Ach. Lich. 

 Univ. (1810) p. 556. To this also seems referable the following : 

 Cenomyce furcata Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. <54 ; (Jladvnia furcata Gray. 



