RAMALINA.] RAMALINEI. 187 



has shown that the chemical reactions of the medulla with K, the differ- 

 ences in the receptacle of the apothecia, the form and size of the spores 

 and spermatia, afford invaluable aid in the discrimination of species. The 

 number of species have been consequently largely increased, and varieties 

 more definitely referred to their species. As compared with other Euro- 

 pean countries, the genus has a very fair number of species and varieties 

 in Great Britain, all belonging to Nylander's Section C, which is charac- 

 terized by the spermogones having pale or colourless conceptacles. 



a. Thallus attenuate, fruticulose, subrounded or subcom pressed ; 

 cortical layer filamentose. 



1. R. thrausta Kyi. Bull. Soc. Linn. Kormand. ser. 2, iv.(1870) 

 p. 116. Thallus elongate, pendulous or prostrate, filiform, sub- 

 rounded, here and there compressed, very much branched, smooth, 

 somewhat shining, pale straw-coloured ; laciniae very slender, densely 

 interwoven, the apices unequally capillari- attenuate (medulla K ). 

 "Apothecia superficial, sessile, minute, plane, pale, the margin very 

 thin; spores straight." Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1872, p. 71 : Leight. 

 Lich. Fl. ed. 2, p. 470, ed. 3, p. 83. Ramalina calicaris, \ AT. thrausta 

 Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 25 pro parte ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 94 pro 

 parte. Alectoria thrausta Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 596. 



The thallus, which is somewhat Alectorioid, is very fragile wh'en dry, 

 and in the few British specimens gathered is destitute of the soredia, 

 with which it is elsewhere sometimes sprinkled. The apothecia, which 

 are not well known, are absent from our specimens, which are also without 

 spermogones. 



Hub. On sandy soil amcng short heath in maritime tracts. Distr. 

 Very sparingly in one spot on the N.E. coast of Scotland. B. M. : Bay 

 of Xigg, Kincardineshire (now extinct). 



b. Thallus compressed, longitudinally striato-nerved or subcostato- 

 unequal ; cortical la} er filamentose. 



2. R. calicaris Kyi. Bull. Soc. Linn. Kormand. ser. 2, iv. (1870) 

 p. 131. Thallus subrigid, compressed, linear or lineari-laciniate, 

 pale glaucous or greyish green, lacinia? sublacunosely longitudinally 

 nervoso-rugose, usually canaliculate (medulla K ). Apothecia 

 pedicellate, marginal and terminal, small or moderate, pale flesh- 

 coloured or glaucescent, the receptacle rugose beneath ; spores 

 straight, ellipsoid, 0,010-16 mm. long, 0,005-7 mm. thick. Cromb. 

 Grevillea, xv. p. 47 ; Lich. Brit. p. 25 pro parte ; Leight. Lich. Fl. 

 ed. 3, p. 83. Ramalina calicaris y. canaliculata Fr. Mudd, Man. 

 p. 73, t. 1. f. 17 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 92. Ramalina fastirjiata ft. 

 calicaris Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 68 pro parte ; Tayl. in Mack. FL Hib. 

 ii. p. 85. Lobaria calicaris Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. ii. (1795) p. 13& 

 pro parte. Lichen calicaris Huds. Fl. Augl. p. 451 pro parte ; Lightf. 

 Fl. Scot. ii. p. 834 pro parte ; With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 51 pro parte. 

 Lichen fastiffiatus Eng. Bot. t. 890 (upper fig.). Ramalina fastigiata 

 Sm. Eng. FL v. p. 225 pro parte. Lichenoides comlHforme rostratum et 

 canaliculatum Dill. Muse. 170, t. 23. f. 62 A. Lichenoides arboreum 



