192 LicHEffACEi. [RAMALINA. 



Externally like R. calicaris, but distinguished by its curved spores. 

 The apothecia are small and numerous; the spermatia are 0,0036-45 mm. 

 long, 0,001 mm. thick. 



Hab. On the branches of trees in upland situations. Dlslr. Gathered 

 only very sparingly in W. England and N. Wales. B. M. : Near Bar- 

 mouth, Merionethshire; Kendal, Westmoreland; Lamplugh, Cumberland. 



5. R. fastigiata Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 603 pro parte. 

 Thallus subrigid, subcompressed or inn 1 ato-b olio w, smoothish or lon- 

 gitudinally unequal and nervoso-rugose, pale straw-coloured or 

 greenisb-white ; laciniaB short, subfastigiate, crowded (medulla 

 K ). Apothecia terminal, peltato-sessile, plane or convex, small 

 or moderate, pale-testaceous or glaucous, tbe receptacle somewhat 

 rugose beneath ; spores oblongo-ellipsoid, curved, 0,009-17 mm. 

 long, 0,005-7 mm. thick. Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 406 ; Hook. Fl. 

 Scot. ii. p. 68 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 225 ; Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. 

 p. 85 ; Leigbt. Lich. Fl. ed. 2, p. 473, ed. 3, p. SQ.Ramalina 

 calicaris ft. fastigiata Mudd, Man. p. 73 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 25 ; 

 Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 94. Lichen fastiyiatus Pers. in Ust. N. Ann. 

 i. (1794) p. 256; Eng. Bot. t. 85/0 (lower figs.). Lichen calicaris 

 Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 451 pro parte ; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 834 pro 

 parte. Lichenoides cornutum bronchiale molle, subtus incanum Dill. 

 Muse. 160, t. 21. f. 55 B. Lichenoides coraUiforme, rostratum et 

 canaliculatum Dill. Muse. 170, t. 23. f. 62 c. Brit. Erg.: Leight. 

 n. 32 ; Mudd, n. 43 ; Larbal. Csesar. n. 60 ; Lich. Hb. n. 287 ; 

 Bohl. n. 22. 



Although Nylander (Mon. Ram. p. 39) considers this to be scarcely 

 more than a variety or subspecies of the preceding, yet its constant 

 characters induce me to treat it as a species. From "young states of 

 R.fraxinea it is distinguished by the thallus being casspitose, erect, more 

 contracted and subfastigiately divided. Externally it approaches R. cali- 

 caris var. subfastiffiata, hut the spores are more typically curved. The 

 apothecia are usually very numerous and the spermogones rare, with 

 spermatia 0,0035 mm. long, about 0,001 mm. thick. 



Hftb. On the trunks, and more especially on the branches, of trees in 

 wooded maritime and upland districts. Distr. General and common in 

 Great Britain, seldom seen in the fir woods of the Highlands ; rare in 

 Ireland and the Channel Islands. B. M. : Islands of Jersey and Guernsey. 

 Epping Forest and Copthall Green, Essex ; Penshurst, Kent ; Beeding 

 Priory, Sussex ; New Forest, Hampshire ; near Ryde, Isle of Wight ; 

 near Penzauce and Withiel, Cornwall; Cirencester, Gloucestershire; 

 Eversden W T ood, Cambridgeshire ; Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire ; 

 Malvern^ and Broadwas, Worcestershire ; near Oswestry and Shrewsbury, 

 Shropshire; Causeway, Warwickshire; Aberdovev, Merioneth, and Angle- 

 sea; near Over, Cheshire; Cleveland, Yorkshire; Teesdale, Durham; 

 Kendal, Westmoreland ; Lamplugh, Cumberland. New Galloway, Kirk- 

 cudbrightshire ; Tester House, Haddington ; Roslin and Boually, Mid- 

 Lothian ; Bowling Bay, Dumbarton ; Barcaldine, Argyleshire ; Loch 

 Tay, Blaeberry Hill, and Blair Athole. Perthshire ; Abergeldie and 

 Craig Coinnoch, Braemar, Abt'rdeenshire ; Glen Nevis, Inverness-shire ; 

 near Strathpeffer, Rpss-shire ; Lairg, Sutherlandshire. Derriquin, co. 

 Kerrv, 



