200 LICHENACEI. [USNEA. 



Yorkshire; Ashgill Woods and Lamplugh, Cumberland. Stronaclachan 

 Woods and Beii Lawers, Perthshire ; Countess>vells Woods, near Aber- 

 deen; Ballochbuie Forest, Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Rothiemurchus 

 Wcods, Inverness-shire; Cawdor Woods, Nairn, Morayshire. 



Var. ft. scabrosa Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 620. Thallus 

 smaller, erect or suberect, subcaespitose, more or less fibrillose, papil- 

 loso-scabrid, verrucoso-sorediate : otherwise as in the type. Cromb. 

 Journ. Bot. 1882, p. 272. Brit. Exs. : Mudd, n. 34 j" Leight. n. 1 

 pro parte ; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 285. 



When erect and fibrillose this is not unlike U.jflorida, from which it 

 differs in the papillae and prominent verrucose soredia, with which it is 

 more or less covered. It is 3-5 inches in length, and is rarely fertile, 

 though cephalodia are often present. 



Hab. On trunks and branches of trees, also on stunted shrubs and 

 rocks in maritime and upland districts. Distr. Rather local, though 

 plentiful where it occurs in S., W., and N. England, N. Wales, S. Scotland, 

 and the S.W. Highlands ; not seen from Ireland. B. M. : Boulay Bay, 

 Island of Jersey. High Rocks, near Tunbridge Wells, and Lydd, 'Kent ; 

 St. Leonard's Forest, Sussex ; Lyndhurst, New Forest, Hampshire ; near 

 Lydford, S. Devon ; Gopsall, Leicestershire ; Haughmond, Hill, Shrop- 

 shire ; near Dolgelly, Merionethshire ; Ayton Moor, Cleveland, York- 

 shire ; Calder Abbey, Cumberland. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; 

 Appin, Argyleshire. 



Form ferruginascens Cromb. Trans. Essex Field Club, iv. (1885) 

 p. 60. Thallus erect, small, deep rusty-red. Apothccia not seen. 

 Usnea florida f. rubiginea (non Mich.), Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 403 ; 

 Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1870, p. 96 ; Leigbt. Licb. Fl. p. 86, ed. 3, 

 p. 77. 



Evidently an accidental condition, abnormally coloured by some kind 

 of maceration. The main branches are occasionally sparingly articulate 

 towards the base. It is always sterile. 



Hab. On trees and shrubs in maritime and upland tracts. Distr. 

 Hainault Forest, Essex ; Lydd, Kent ; St. Leonard's Forest and Maple- 

 hurst, Sussex ; New Forest, Hampshire ; Falls of Beckey, S. Devon ; 

 Withiel, Cornwall. Near Belfast, co. Antrim. 



5. U. articulata Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. ii. (1795) p. 135. Thallus 

 pendulous, nearly smooth, flaccid, very much and dichotomously 

 branched, pale-greyish or pale-yellowish ; branches elongate, arti- 

 culato-constricted, the articulations ventricose, discrete ; branchlets 

 slender, fibrillose and entangled. Apothecia small, pale, somewhat 

 sparingly fibrilloso-ciliate. Cromb. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xvii. 

 p. 554. Usnea barbata (3. articulata Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 404 ; 

 Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 70 ( e ) ; Mudd, Man. p. 69 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit, 

 p. 23 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 85, ed. 3, p. 77. Lichen articulatus 

 Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) p. 1156 ; Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 462 ; With. Arr. 

 ed. 3, iv. p. 48, et var. 2 barbatus; Eng. Bot. t. 258. i. 1. Usnea 

 barbata Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 231. Usnea capillacea nodosa Dill. 



