252 LICI1EXACEI. [PAKMET.IA. 



Brit. Ki-s.: Mudd, n. 72; Leight. nos. 263, 356 ; Larb. Lich. lib. 

 n. 327 ; Bohl. n. 86. 



Readily distinguished from P. olivacea, of which it is generally regarded 

 as a variety, by the papillato-exasperate thallus and the verrucoso-papillose 

 margin of the apothecia. With us the apothecia are comparatively rare, 

 though plentiful when present. The spermogones are very abundant on 

 the papilla^ when these are not abraded, with spermatia 0,008-11 mm. 

 long, scarcely 0,001 mm. thick. 



Hob. On the trunks of old trees in maritime and upland districts. 

 Distr. General and usually common in the W. tracts of Great Britain and 

 Ireland. B. M. : Bury, Suffolk ; New Forest, Hants ; Withiel, Cornwall ; 

 Pembridge, Herefordshire ; Cricklade, Wiltshire ; Crowle, Worcester- 

 shire ; near Dolgelly, Merionethshire ; Island of Anglesea ; Ayton, Cleve- 

 land, Yorkshire ; Eglestoue, Durham, near Stavely, Westmoreland. New 

 Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Largs, Ayrshire; Pentland Hills, near 

 Edinburgh ; Appin, Argyleshire ; Glen Lochay, Perthshire ; Castleton of 

 Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; S. of Fort William, Inverness-shire ; Kilravock, 

 Nairnshire ; Applecross, lloss-shire. Glencar and Mangerton, co. Kerry ; 

 Killerey Bay, Connernara, co. Galway. 



23. P. subaurifera Nyl. Flora, 1873, p. 22. Thallus orbicular, 

 thinly membranaceous,' closely appressed, glabrous or thinly i'ur- 

 furaceous in the centre, laciniato-lobed, olive-brown or umbrine, 

 yellow-sorediate, medulla yellow ; beneath blackish, shortly fibrillose; 



lobes plane, crenafce (K^ yellowish , CaCl~ recWish ;. Apothecia small, 

 dark chestnut-coloured, the margin subentire, often yellow-sorediate ; 

 spores 0,011-13 mm. long, 0,007-8 mm. thick. Cromb. Journ. Linn. 

 Soc. Bot. xvii. p. 572 ; Grevillea, x. p. 25. Lichen olivaceus, var. 3, 

 With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 35. Lichenoides oUvaceum, scutillis Icevibus 

 Dill. Muse. 182, t. 23. f. 77 c. Brit. Exs. : Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 210. 



From the allied species this differs at once in the yellow medulla and 

 the small yellow soredia with which the thallus is everywhere efflorescent. 

 Our British specimens are, with one or two exceptions, less w r ell developed 

 than those from Scandinavia the thallus being smaller, the medulla le^s 

 distinctly yellow, and having only in one instance a few young apothecia. 

 The spermogones, which also seem to be very rare with us ; have the sper- 

 matia 0,005 mm. long, scarcely 0,001 mm. thick. 



JIab. On the trunks of trees and branches of shrubs, chiefly oak and 

 firs, in maritime and upland districts. Listr. Local and scarce in Eng- 

 land, N. Wales, the Highlands, Scotland, and N.W. Ireland; no doubt 

 often overlooked. B. M. : Epping Forest, Essex ; near Tooting, Surrey ; 

 Lydd, Kent ; Ilenfield, Sussex ; near Penzance, Cornwall (irt.) ; Whim- 

 pole Park, Cambridgeshire ; Grimsbury Green, Northampton ; Gopsall 

 Park, Leicestershire ; Kempsey, Worcestershire : Aberdovey, Merioneth- 

 shire ; Ay ton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Windermere, Westmoreland. Glen 

 Lochay, Perthshire ; Wills Braes, Forfarshire ; L>urris, Kincardineshire ; 

 Applecross, lloss-shire. Kylemore, co. Galway. 



24. P. prolixa Nyl. in Cromb. Lich. Brit. (1870) p. 35. Thallus 

 suborbicular, appressed, somewhat shining, laciniate, dark-olive or 

 blackish-umbrine ; beneath blackish or black, moderately fibrillose ; 

 lacinia) narrow, subimbricate, much and variously divided, somewhat 



