254 LICTTENACEI. [PARHELIA. 



Hab. On rocks and boulders in maritime and upland districts. Distr. 

 Local in S. and W. England, N. Wales, Central Scotland, S. Ireland, and 

 the Channel Islands. B. M. : La Moye, Island of Jersey. Near Shank- 

 lin, Isle of Wight; Wembury, Devonshire; near Penzance, Cornwall; 

 Barmouth, Merionethshire ; Island of Anglesea ; Isle of Man ; Stavely, 

 Westmoreland. Loch Creran, Argyleshire ; King's Park, Stirling. 

 Mizen Head, co. Cork. 



ft. isidiascens Nyl. Flora, 1875, p. 8. Thallus more or less 

 sprinkled with olive-brown verrucaeform isidia, which become whitish- 

 sorediate afc the apices; otherwise as in the type. Cromb. Grevillea, 

 x. p. 25. Brit. EJS. : Leight. n. 291 pro parte ; Eohl. u. 109 pro 

 parte. 



Well characterized by the often crowded and at length thickish isidia, 

 which sometimes nearly cover the thallus, and give it an almost panui- 

 form appearance. It is rarely seen fertile, the apothecia being but few, 

 with the margin sometimes rugose with isidia. 



Hub. On rocks and boulders in maritime and upland districts. Distr. 

 Local and scarce in the Channel Islands, S. England, N. Wales, and 

 Central Scotland. B. M. : Chateau Point, Island of Sark. Near Pen- 

 zance and Helminton, Cornwall ; Birmouth, Merionethshire ; Island of 

 Anglesea ; Isle of Man. King's Park, Stirling. 



25. P. fuliginosa Nyl. Flora, 1868, p. 346. Thallus orbicular or 

 suborbicular, membrauaccous, appressed. laciniato-lobed, umbrine- 

 badious or olive-black, fuliginoso-furfuraceous or black-isidiose, be- 

 neath blackish, sparingly fibrillose ; lobes plane, crenate (K~? 

 CaCIT i). Apothecia small or moderate, scattered, pale- or dark- 

 brown, the margin thickish, slightly crenulate ; spores 0,009-1 2 mm. 

 long, 0,005-6 mm. thick. Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 36 ; Leight. Lich. 

 Fl. p. 134, ed. 3, p. 123. ParmeUa olivacea var. fuliginosa Fr. in 

 Dub. Bot. Gall. (1830) p. 602. ParmeUa olivacea y. furfuracea 

 Schaer., Mudd, Man. p. 100. LicJtenoides olivaceum, scutellis Icevibus 

 Dill. Muse. 182, f. 77 B. 



Readily recognized by the peculiar black, setuloso-papillose isidia, 

 which are sometimes so dense as to cover the whole thallus and obliterate 

 the lobes, except at the immediate circumference ; otherwise sufficiently 

 separated from the preceding species by the chemical reaction of the 

 medulla with CaCl. The apothecia are rare in this country, especially on 

 saxicole specimens, and the spermogones are very rarely visible. 



Hab. On rocks and walls, also on old pales, rarely on trees, in maritime 

 and upland districts. Distr. Probably general, though not common, in 

 the mountainous regions of Grent Britain and Ireland. B. M. : IVnzance 

 and near St. Breock, Cornwall ; Herefordshire Beacon, Malvern, Worces- 

 tershire ; Borthwynog, near Dolgelly and Rhewgreidden, Merionethshire ; 

 Bettws-y-Coed, Denbighshire ; Haughmond Hill and Stiperstones, Shrop- 

 shire ; near Ay ton, Yorkshire ; Stavely, Kendal, Westmoreland. New 

 Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Glen Lochay and Blair Athole, Perth- 

 shire; Glen Shee, Forfarshire ; Fortieth en and Durris, Kinoardmeshire; 

 Hill of Ardo. near Aberdeen, and Castleton of Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; 

 near Abernethy, Elgin. Near Cork ; Dawros River, Connemara, co. 

 Galway. 



