PARMELIA.] PARMELIKT. 257 



usually almost simple and spermatia 0,006-7 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick, 

 slightly subacute at the apices. 



Hab. On rocks and boulders, very rarely on gravelly soil, in subalpine 

 and alpine localities. Distr. Local and scarce in S.W. and N. England 

 and in N. Wales ; more frequent on the Grampians, Scotland ; rarer in 

 W. Ireland. B. M. : Dartmoor Tors, Devonshire ; Cader Idris, Merion- 

 ethshire ; Snowdon, N. Wales ; Teesdale, Durham. New Galloway, 

 Kirkcudbrightshire ; Ben More, Mael Girdy, and Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; 

 Clova Mts. and Katelaw, Forfarshire ; Loch Phadrig, Lochnagar, Mor- 

 roue, Cairngorm, and Ben-naboord (frt), Braemar ; Ben Nevis, Inver- 

 ness-shire ; Hills of Applecross, Ross-shire. Mangerton, Killarney, and 

 MacGillicuddy's Reeks, co. Kerry ; Doughbruagh Mts., Oonnemara, co. 

 Galway. 



Var. /3. reticulata Cromb. Grevillea, xii. (1884) p. 72 Thallus 

 orbicular or suborbicular, closely appressed, black or blackish, opaque ; 

 branches short, slender, very much entangled, subimbricate, dicho- 

 tomously reticulate, shortly furcate at the apices. Apothecia con- 

 colorous, with the margin often ciliate. Lichen reticulatus Wulf. in 

 Jacq. Coll. ii. (1788) t. 9. ff. 6, 7. Alectoria lanata var. parmelioides 

 Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1872, p. 233 ; Leight. Lich. PI. ed. 3, p. 81 

 (incl. var. subciliata). Parmelia lanata var. subciliata N"yl., Cromb. 

 Lich. Brit. p. 35 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 125. Lichen pubescens Huds. 

 Fl. Angl. ed. 2, p. 132 ; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 893 ; With. Arr. ed. 3, 

 iv. p. 48. Coralloides tenuissimum nii/rescens, mundi muliebris instar 

 textam Dill. Muse. 113, t. 17. f. 32. Brit. Exs. : Cromb. n. 20. 



A well-marked variety, which in its normal condition with its parme- 

 lioid habit looks like a distinct species. Transition states, however, exist, 

 and old plants gradually assume more of the characters of the type. The 

 thallus, which is aptly compared bv Dillenius to " black lace," occasionally 

 becomes centrifugal. It is not uncommon in a fertile condition, the apo- 

 thecia being usually numerous, with the margin often ciliate with spinu- 

 liform papilla?. 



Hab. On quartzose rocks and boulders in alpine localities. Distr. Con- 

 fined to some of the higher Grampians, Scotland, where, it is plentiful. 

 B. M. : Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; Clova Mts., Forfarshire ; Morrone, Glen 

 Callater, Cairngorm, and Glen Candlic, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 



29. P. tristis Xyl. Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. ser. 3, i. (1856) p. 304: 

 Flora, 1872, p. 548. Thallus ctespitoso-fruticulose, cartilaginous, 

 erect, rigid, somewhat roundly compressed, sparingly distichously 

 branched, pitch- or brownish-black ; branches subfastigiate, at- 

 tenuate (K~, CaCl~). Apothecia plano-convex, moderate, sub- 

 concolorous, the margin entire or fimbriate : spores 0,008-11 mm. 

 long, 0,004-6 mm. thick. Cromb. Grevillea, xii. p. 71. Platysma 

 triste Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 26 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 99, ed. 3, p. 94. 

 C'orniculftria tristis Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 404 : Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 

 p. 69 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 228 ; Tayl. in Mack! Fl. Hib. ii. p. 86 : 

 Mudd, Man. p. 76. Lichen tristis Web. Spicil. (1788) p. 209 ; 

 With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 43 ; Eng. Bot. t. 720. Lichen radiatus 

 Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 2, p. 559. Lichen comicidatus Lightf. Fl. Scot. 



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