258 LICHENACEI. [PARMELIA. 



ii. p. 383. Cordttoides corniculatum, fuci tenuioris facie Dill. Muse, 

 p. 118, t. 17. f. 37. 



Somewhat resembles a small Fucvs, and has been placed by authors in 

 different genera, though by some regarded as a proper genus. The typically 

 depressed or subdepressed thallus. as observed by Ny lander /. c., and the 

 nature of the spermogones, induce us to refer it to Parmelia, near P. la- 

 nata, to which in various respects it has a marked affinity. The thallus 

 is closely and umbilicately affixed to the substratum, over which it occa- 

 sionally spreads in large patches, though usually it occurs in small and 

 scattered tufts. The apothecia, which are common, are subterminal on 

 short deflexed ramules ; the spermogones are numerous, prominent, with 

 spermatia 0,005 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick. 



Hob. On rocks and boulders in mountainous districts. Distr. Local in 

 W. and N. England and in Wales; more frequent in the Highlands, 

 Scotland, especially on the N. Grampians ; rare in S.W. Ireland. B. M. : 

 Dartmoor, Devonshire ; Malvern Hills, Worcestershire ; Sugar Loaf Mt., 

 Monmouthshire ; The Glydirs, Snowdon, and Moel Siabod, Carnarvon- 

 shire ; Cader Idris, Merionethshire ; Eglestone, Durham ; Crickley Scar, 

 Yorkshire; Mardale, Westmoreland; The Cheviots, Northumberland; 

 Ennerdale, Cumberland. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Ben More, 

 Ben Lawers, and Ben Vrackie, Perthshire ; Clova Mts., head of the White 

 Water, and Katelaw, Forfarshire ; Hill of Ardo, near Aberdeen ; near 

 Invercauld, Craig Coinnoch, Morrone, Glen Callater, Glen Dee, and Ben- 

 naboord, Braemar ; Ben Nevis, Inverness-shire. Dunkerron, co. Kerry. 



B. EKHIZINOSJB. Thallus glabrous beneath (subgenus 

 Hypogymnia Nyl. Flora, 1881, p. 537). 



30. P. physodes Ach. Meth. (1803) p. 250. Thallus moderate 

 or somewhat large, substellate, loosely adnate, smooth, imbricato- 

 laciniate, glaucous-white ; beneath brownish-black, paler at the 

 circumference, rugose, caked : lacunae multifid, linear, sinuate, some- 

 what plane, the apices subinflated, imperforate (K ^yellow, CaCl~> 



medulla K (CaCl) + red). Apothecia subpedicellate, moderate, badio- 

 reddish, the margin entire ; spores 0,006-8 mm. long, 0,005-6 mm. 

 thick. Hook. PI. Scot. ii. p. 56; Sm. Eng. JF1. v. p. 204; 

 Mudd, Man. p. 96 ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 36 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. 

 p. 125, ed. 3, p. 116. Physcia physodes Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 436. 

 Lichen physodes Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) p. 1144 ; Huds. Fl. Angl. 

 p. 447; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 882: With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 32; 

 Eng. Bot. t. 126 (middle fig. pro parte). LicJienoides ceratophyllon 

 obtusius et minus ramosum Dill. Muse. p. 154, t. 20. f. 49 A, B ; in 

 Kay, Syn. ed. 3, p. 76, n. 85. Brit. Exs. : Leight. n. 48 pro parte; 

 Cromb* n. 31. 



lleadily recognized by the naked under surface and the more or less 

 inflated apices of the lacinise. The thallus is normally orbicular, but at 

 length becomes expanded, varying considerably in the character of 

 the lacinise, and thus presenting several forms and varieties. The apo- 

 thecia are not frequent in Britain ; they are urceolate, and small when 

 young, at length large, plane and flexuose. The spermogones are very 



