264 



LICHENACEl. 



Tribe XIY. S T I C T E I Nyl. Syn. i. (1860) p. 332, ut subtribus 

 Parmelieorum ; Bull. Soc. Linri. Normaiid. ser. 2, ii. (1867) p. 498. 



Thallus frondosely dilated, lobate or lobato-laciniate, loosely 

 affixed to the substratum ; the under surface usually with tomentose 

 rhizinae, and also pulverulent or sorediiform cyphelhae (pseudo- 

 cyphelhe), or true urceolate or thelotremoid cyphellae ; gonidial 

 layer consisting either of gonimic grauules or of true gonidia. 

 Apothecia lecanoroid or parmeleine; spores 8na3, fusiform, usually 

 1- or 3-septate, generally colourless or sometimes pale-brownish : 

 paraphyses discrete, usually more or less articulate, moderate, or 

 thickish ; hymenial gelatine (especially the apices of the thecae) 

 blue with iodine. Spermogones with jointed sterigmata. 



The plants of this tribe are for the most part the largest and best 

 developed of all lichens. With these " patricians of lichens," as they 

 were termed by Drs. Taylor and Hooker (Hook. Journ. Bot. 1844, p. 635), 

 the ascending series in inlander's classification culminates. The thallus, 

 which in its earlier stages of growth is orbicular, is usually widely expanded, 

 of a coriaceo-membranaceous texture, and frequently, when wet, emits an 

 odour as of hemp. In a few species peculiar cephalodia occur either on 

 the upper surface, on the margins, or on the lower surface of the thallus 

 (vide Nyl. Syu. /. c. p. 333). The great majority of species are found in 

 warm climates or in the Southern hemisphere ; most of the European 



Fig. 46. 



Lobaria pulmonaria Hoffiii. a. Vertical section of thallus, x200. b. Gonidia. 

 X350. c. Vertical section of a small apothecium, x30. d. A theca and 

 paraphysis, X 350. e. Three spores, X 500. /. Vertical section of a sperino- 

 gone, X30. g. Jointed sterigmata and spermatia, X500. 



