310 LICHENACEI. [PHYSCIA 



Hal. Among mosses on rocks in subalpino regions. Distr. Only very 

 sparingly in W. England and the S. Grampians, Scotland. B. M. : 

 North Hill, Malvern, Worcestershire. Ben Lawers, Perthshire. 



12. P. aquila JSTyl. Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. ser. 3, i. (1856) p. 309. 

 Thallu8 suborbicular, appressed, narrowly laciniate, chestnut- 

 brown ; beneath pale and sparingly blackish-fibrillose ; Iacinia3 multi- 

 partite, somewhat convex, explanate at the circumference, imbri- 



cato-congested (K~, CaCl~). Apothecia adnate, moderate, con- 

 cave or somewhat plane, brownish-black, the margin tumid, sub- 

 crenate; spores 0,030-44 ram. long, 0,018-25 mm. thick. Cromb. 

 Lich. Brit. p. 39 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 153, ed. 3, p. 142. Bon-era 

 aquila, Mudd, Man. p. 111. Parmelia aquila Gray, Nat. Arr. i. 

 p. 441 ; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 54 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 203 ; Tayl. in 

 Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 143. Lichen aquilus Ach. Prodr. (1798) 

 p. 109 ; Eng. Bot. t. 982. Lichen pullus Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 825. 

 Lichen fuscus Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 2, p. 533. Lichen obscurus With. 

 Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 28. Lichenoides angustifolium fuscum, scutdlis 

 pullis Dill. Muse. 175, t. 24. f. 69. Brit. Exs. : Leight. n. 144 ; 

 Larb. Csesar. n. 23; Dicks. Hort. Sic. 25 ; Bohl. n. 111. 



Easily recognized by its chestnut-brown, narrowly laciniate thallus, 

 and by its saxicolous habitat. The thallus, of which the cortical layer 

 presents intricate tubulose cavities, is sometimes widely expanded, in 

 which case in old plants it occasionally becomes zonately centrifugal. 

 States occasionally occur with us passing into var. stippea (Ach.), but not 

 sufficiently typical. The apothecia are common, sometimes very nume- 

 rous and crowded, with the spores often thicker at one or the other apex. 

 The spermogones also are not unfrequent. 



Hob. On rocks in maritime districts, rarely on hills at some distance 

 from the sea in upland tracts. Distr. General and not uncommon on 

 most of the rocky coasts of Great Britain, Ireland, and the Channel 

 Islands ; very abundant on the coast of Kincardineshire in N.E. Scotland. 

 B. M. : Petit Port, Island of Jersey ; Island of Guernsey. Near 

 Chichester, Sussex ; Torquay, Bolt Head, Hay Tor, Dartmoor, and near 

 Okehampton, Devonshire; Temple Moor, Stoneyford, Penzance, The 

 Lizard, Roche rocks, and Helminton, Cornwall ; Mynydd-y-Myfyr, near 

 Oswestry, Shropshire ; near Tenby, Pembrokeshire ; Barrnouth and 

 Harlech Castle, Merionethshire; Llanberis, Carnarvonshire; Holyhead, 

 Island of Anglesea ; Douglas Head, Isle of Man ; Holy Island, North- 

 umberland; Barrowmouth, Cumberland. New Galloway, Kirkcudbright- 

 shire ; King's Park and Turh'n Hill, near Edinburgh ; Barcaldine, Arg\ le- 

 shire ; Portlethen, Kincardiueshire ; near Peterhead, Aberdeeushire. 

 Ballycotton and Mizen Head, co. Cork ; Kenmare River, co. Kerry ; 

 Connemara, co. Galway ; Ardglass, co. Down. 



13. P. stellaris Nyl. Flora, 1870, p. 38. Thallus orbicular, 

 stellari-appressed, multindo-laciniate, white, greyish or glaucous- 

 white ; beneath whitish, with greyish fibrillose rhizina3 ; lacinite sub- 

 linear, convex, contiguous (K^ ye OW) CaCl~). Apothecia submode- 



