GYROPIIORA.] GYROPHOREI. 333 



A small form with the thallus pulvinate, polyphyllous, and the lobes nu- 

 merous, congested, and variable at the margins. It is connected with the 

 type by intermediate states, and is but rarely seen in its more charac- 

 teristic form. Apparently it never occurs in fruit. 



Hab. On rocks in upland mountainous tracts. Distr. Found only (in 

 a typical state) in W. and N. England. B. M. : Arcoll Hill, Caer Ca- 

 radoc, and The Wrekin, Shropshire ; Ilowden Gill, Cleveland, Yorkshire. 



9. G. flocculosa Turn. & Borr.Lich. Br. (1839) p. 217. Thallus 

 monophyllous or polyphyllous. moderate or small, thin, opaque, sub- 

 smooth, or obsoletely papuloso-unequal, often more or less squamu- 

 lose, reflexed at the margins, olive-black or blackish-brown, black 

 furfuraceo-floccose ; beneath naked, subconcolorous, lacunose or im- 

 presso-punctate (K ~, CaCl~ recl ). Apothecia plane, thinly margined, 

 at length convex, immarginate, usually only slightly complicate ; 

 spores sometimes slightly curved, 0,018-27 mm. long, 0,007-9 mm. 

 thick. Cromb. Grevillea, xv. p. 79. Gyrophora polyphylla ft. floc- 

 culosa Mudd, Man. p. 110. Umbilicaria flocculosa Cromb. Lich. 

 Brit. p. 41 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 156, ed. 3, p. 144. Umbilicaria 

 varia ft. flocculosa Leight. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xviii. p. 280, 

 t. x. f. 4. Lichen flocculosus Wulf. in Jacq. Coll. iii. (1789) p. 99, 

 t, i. f. 2. Gi/rophora deusta (Linn.) Eng. Bot. t. 2483 ; Hook. Fl. 

 Scot. ii. p. 42 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 218 ; Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 478. 

 Brit. Exs. : Leight, n. 219. 



Though generally regarded as a variety of the preceding, the different 

 characters of the thallus and the larger spores render it as distinct a 

 species as most of the others in the genus. It may at once be recognized 

 by the peculiar flocculose and usually more or less squamulose upper 

 surface of the thallus, which is sometimes paler in colour, lacunose 

 beneath (form brotera, Ach. Meth. p. 103), and occasionally in old plants 

 becomes subcribrose at the margins. The apothecia are extremely rare 

 in Great Britain, and are sparingly visible only in one or two specimens. 



Hab. On rocks and walls in upland and subalpine districts. Distr. 

 Rather local in W., Central, and N. England, N. Wales, S. Scotland, and 

 among the Grampians ; not seen from Ireland. B. M. : Whitwick Rocks, 

 Leicestershire ; Caer Caradoc, Shropshire ; Cader Idris and Cellfawr, 

 near Barmouth, Merionethshire; Eglestone, Durham. New Galloway, 

 Kirkcudbrightshire; Pentland Hills, near Edinburgh ; Achrosagan Hill, 

 Appin, and Ben Cruachan, Argyleshire ; Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; Clova, 

 Forf.irshire ; Glen Callater, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Ben Nevis, Lochaber, 

 Inverness-shire. 



10. G. polyrrhiza Krb. Par. (1859) p. 41. Thallus monophyllous 

 or subpolyphyllous, small or nearly moderate, smooth, unequally 

 lobed, crenate and undulate at the margins, greenish-copper-coloured ; 

 beneath black, papilloso-graiiulose, reticulate, densely fibrilloso- 

 pannose (K~, CaCll^reddish). Apothecia at first simple, orbicular or 

 lirellaeform, plane, immarginate, becoming at length convex and very 

 much gyroso-complicate : spores 0,008-11 mm. long, 0,004-5 mm. 

 thick. Mudd, Man. p. 119. Umbilicaria polyrrJiiza Cromb. Lich. 



