PANNARIA.] LECANO-LECIDEEI. 337 



thallus is often squamoso-imbricate, and at the circumference the laciniee 

 are approximate and radiating. The apothecia are chiefly central, nume- 

 rous and crowded, becoming larger and deformed in age, with the margin 

 at length flexuose. 



Hob. On the trunks of old trees, rarely among mosses on walls and 

 rocks, in maritime and upland districts. Distr. General and usually 

 plentiful in most of the mountainous tracts of Great Britain, and probably 

 also of Ireland. B. M. : Island of Guernsey. Appuldurcombe, Isle o*f 

 Wight ; near Totnes, S. Devon ; Bocconoc and near Respring, Cornwall ; 

 Hay Coppice, Herefordshire ; Aberdovey, Merionethshire ; Teesdale and 

 Eglestone Woods, Durham ; Windermere, Westmoreland ; Keswick and 

 Ennerdale, Cumberland. Inverary, Head of Loch Awe and Appin, Ar- 

 gyleshire ; Loch Lomond, Dumbartonshire ; Glen Falloch and Glen 

 Lochay, Perthshire ; Corriemulzie Falls, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; S. of 

 Fort William, Inverness-shire ; Applecross, Ross-shire. Dunkerron and 

 Old Dromore, co. Kerry ; Connemara, co. Galway. 



Var. ft. caeruleo-badia Mudd, Man. (1861) p. 122. Thallus 

 coesio-pulverulent towards the centre, bluish-white ; laciniae pulve- 

 rulent at the margins. Apothecia small, appressed, the thalline 

 margin pulverulent; spores 0,016-0,020 mm. long, 0,007-12 mm. 

 thick ; hymenial gelatine bluish (the thecae at length wine-reddish) 

 with iodine. Leight, Lich. Fl. p. 164, ed. 3, p. 151. Lichen 

 cteruleo-badius Schl. Cent. 2 (1805), n. 71. Pannaria rubiginosa 

 var. conoplcea (Ach.), Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 42. Parmelia plumbea 

 y. tumescens Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 142. Brit. Exs. : Cromb. 

 n. 54 ; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 11. 



Looks almost a distinct species, but is connected with the type by in- 

 termediate states. It is, however, in its most characteristic form, well 

 distinguished by the densely granuloso-pulverulent (in old plants sore- 

 diate) thallus, with the laciniae often visible only at the immediate cir- 

 cumference. With us it is rarely fertile, and, even when present, the 

 apothecia are few and scattered. 



Hob. On the trunks of old trees in maritime and upland districts. 

 Distr. General and not uncommon in the Channel Islands, S.W. and N. 

 England, N. Wales, W. Scotland, and S.W. Ireland. B. M. : La Coupe, 

 Island of Jersey; Island of Guernsey. Charlton Forest, Kent; bt. 

 Leonard's Forest, and Black Down, Sussex ; Newton Bushell, and near 

 South Brent, Devonshire ; Withiel, Cornwall ; Barmouth, Merioneth- 

 shire ; Teesdale Forest, Durham ; Kentmere, Westmoreland. New 

 Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Barcaldine, Argyleshire ; Glen Lochay, 

 Killin, Aberfeldy, and Den of Rechip, Perthshire ; S. of Fort William, 

 Inverness-shire ; Glenfernes, Nairnshire ; Applecross, Ross-shire. Kil- 

 larney, co. Kerry. 



2. P. brunnea Nyl. Mem. Soc. Cherb. ii. (1853) p. 324 ; Lich. 



Scand. p. 123. Thallus suborbicular, granulato-squamulose, cervine 

 or greyish-brown ; squamules small, crenate, densely imbricate ; 

 hypothallus thin, arachnoid, greyish-white. Apothecia moderate 

 or somewhat large, plane, red-testaceous or reddish-brown, the 

 thalline margin crenulate ; spores ellipsoid, 0,015-28 mm. long, 

 0,007-11 mm. thick; hymenial gelatine bright-blue, then sordid- 

 bluish with iodine. Mudd, Man. p. 124, t. ii. f. 37 ; Cromb. Lich. 



