344 LICHENACEI. [PANNULABIA. 



Subsimilar to the preceding species, but differs at once in the determi- 

 nately 3-septate and larger spores. At first sight it looks almost like 

 Pteryyium pannariellum, but it is not distinctly radiate at the circum- 

 ference, and is more definitely separated by the presence of a more or less 

 visible hypothallus. The apothecia are rather scattered and not numerous 

 in the British specimens. 



Hab. On micaceo-schistose rocks in subalpine and alpine regions. 

 Distr. Only sparingly among the S. and Central Grampians, Scotland. 

 B. M. : Craig Calliach, Ben Lawers, and Craig Tulloch, Perthshire. 



6. P. melantera Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. (1889) p. 44. Thallus 

 effuse, diffracto-squamose, black, beneath bluish-black ; squamules 

 thickish, minutely papillose. Apothecia small, sessile, plane or 

 somewhat convex, the margin shining ; spores oblong, 1-3-septate 

 or simple, 0,03-0,045 mm. long, 0,0045-0,005 mm. thick ; hypo- 

 tbecium brownish ; hymenial gelatine bluish, thethecse tawny with 

 iodine. Pannaria melantera Stirt. Scot. Nat. 1879, p. 16 : Leight. 

 Lich. n. ed. 3, p. 544. 



Said by Dr. Stirton, I.e., to be similar to P. dolichotera Nyl.. a Scandi- 

 navian plant, but with longer spores. Evidently it would differ also, ac- 

 cording to the diagnosis given, in the more squamose thallus and the 

 distinct hypothallus. In the absence, however, of any specimen, I regard 

 it as a doubtful species (probably only subsp. P. psotina), 



Hab. On mica-schist rocks in an (?) alpine situation. Distr. Found 

 only on the S. Grampians, Scotland (Ben Lawers, Perthshire). 



7. P. carnosa Cromb. Grevillea, xii. (1884) p. 62. Thallus sub- 

 determinate, squamuloso-lobed, livid- or cervine-brown ; lobes 

 variously divided or crenato-incised, imbricate or ascending and 

 congested, usually granuloso-crenate at the margins, whitish beneath ; 

 hypothallus brownish-black, evanescent. Apothecia biatorine, small 

 or slightly concave, reddish-brown or dark-red, the margin paler ; 

 spores oblong, oblon go-fusiform or rarely ellipsoid, simple or obso- 

 letely 1-septate, 0,016-31 mm. long, 0,005-8 mm. thick ; hymenial 

 gelatine yellow (the apices of the thecas deep bluish) with iodine. 

 Pannaria carnosa Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 169, ed. 3, p. 155. Massa- 

 longia carnosa Mudd, Man. p. 126, t. ii. f. 39. Lichen carnosus 

 Dicks. Crypt, fasc. ii. (1790) p. 21, t. vi. f. 7 ; With. Arr. iv. p. 33 ; 

 Eng. Bot. t. 1684. Pannaria muscorum (Ach.) Cromb. Lich. Brit, 

 p. 43. Squamaria muscorum Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 194. Lecanora 

 muscorum Hook. Fl. Soot. ii. p. 51 ; Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 139. 

 Psoroma muscorum Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 446. Brit. Exs. : Cromb. 

 n. 154; Leight. n. 393. 



Readily recognized from other British species by the colour of the more 

 distinctly squamulose thallus and by the variable narrow spores. The 

 thallus is thinnish, usually spreading somewhat extensively over the sub- 

 stratum, but at times smaller, determinate, and bordered by the hypo- 

 thallus. The apothecia are generally small and numerous, sometimes 

 fewer and moderate, with the spores occasionally obsoletely brownish. 



Hab. Among mosses on rocks and boulders in maritime and moun- 

 tainous districts. Distr. Local, though plentiful, in S.W., "W., and N. 



