LECANORA.] LECANO-LECIDEEI. 397 



thallus and apothecia, and more especially in the smaller spores. The 

 two specimens seen are well fertile. 



Hob. On granitic rocks in a maritime district. Distr. Only very 

 sparingly in S. W. England. B. M. : Near Penzance, Cornwall. 



63. L. roboris Nyl. Mora, 1869, p. 412. Thallus determinate 

 or subdoterminate, thinnish, continuous, grauuloso-unequal, whitish 

 or greyish-white (K + yellow, CaCl ); hypothallus black, often 

 indistinct. Apothecia moderate or somewhat large, blackish, the 

 thalline margin at length crenate ; spores 0,015-18 mm. long, 

 0,006-9 mm. thick. Duf. Hb. fide Nyl. Mem. Soc. So. Nat. Cherb. 

 t.. ii. (1854) p. 326; Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 46. L. sophodes 

 forma roboris Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 225, ed. 3, p. 215. Brit. Exs. : 

 Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 260. 



Often confounded with L, sophodes, but distinct in the colour and more 

 especially in the reaction of the thallus with K, as also in the larger apo- 

 thecia and their crenulate margin. The thallus at times is somewhat 

 effuse, with the hypothallus visible only here and there at the circum- 

 ference. The apothecia are generally numerous, though not crowded. 



Hub. On trunks of trees, chiefly oaks, very rarely on the stems of heather, 

 in maritime and upland situations. Distr. Not unf requent in England ; 

 rare in N. Wales, S. and N.W. Ireland ; not seen from Scotland. B. M. : 

 East coast of Jersey ; D'lxcart, Island of Sark. Yarmouth, Suffolk ; 

 Epping Forest, Essex; Danny, Sussex; New Forest, Hants; Ilsharu, 

 Torquay, Devonshire ; Launceston and Penzauce, Cornwall ; Savernake 

 Forest, Wilts ; Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire ; near Worcester ; near 

 Harboro' Magna, Warwickshire; Cwm Bychan, Merionethshire; Tees- 

 dale, Durham ; Calder Abbey, Cumberland ; Felton Woods, Northum- 

 berland ; Leven's Park, Westmoreland. Carrigaloe, near Cork ; Dough- 

 ruagh mt., Connemara, co. Galway. 



64. L. confragosa Nyl. ex Lamy, Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. t. xxv. 

 (1878) p. 404. Thallus effuse, thin, granulose or verrucoso-areo- 

 late, greyish- or sordid- white, the granules scattered or subcon- 

 tiguous (K + yellow, Ca Cl ); hypothallus usually obsolete. Apo- 

 thecia sessile, submoderate, plane, brownish-black or nearly black, 

 the thalliue margin at length iuflexed and crenulate; spores ellip- 

 soid, obtuse at the apices, 0,018-23 mm. long, 0,009-13 rnm. thick. 

 Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 222. L. sophodes var. confrcujosa 

 Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 49 pro parte. Purmelia confragosa Ach. Meth. 

 Suppl. (1803) p. 33. Brit. Exs. : Larb. Caesar, n. 28 : Lich. Hb. 

 n. 301. 



Looks almost a saxicolous state of L. roboris, but differs in the less 

 continuous thallus and in the larger spores. In the British specimens 

 the thallus, which rarely has a greyish-green tinge, is but seldom con- 

 tinuous, and the hypothallus is scarcely visible. The apothecia are 

 numerous, here and there crowded, and then almost obliterating the 

 granules. Subsp. L. crassescens Nyl. was erroneously recorded as British 

 in Grevillea, xviii. p. 46. 



Hub. On rocks, granitic and schistose, in maritime and upland tracts. 

 Distr. Sparingly in the Chanr.el Islands, S. England, N.E. Scotland, S.E . 



