LECAXORA.] LECANO-LECIDEEI. 407 



82. L. livida Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 375. Thallus indeter- 

 minate, pale-whitish or livid, squamuloso- diffract ; squaraules adnate, 

 contiguous, moderate, usually crenulate at the margins (K ). Apo- 

 thecia minute, more or less immersed, several in each squamule, 

 plane or slightly convex, concolorous with the thallus or livid flesh- 

 coloured, the thalline margin entire, scarcely prominent ; spores 

 ellipsoid, 0,010-12 mm. long, 0,005-7 mm. thick ; hymenial gela- 

 tine faintly bluish, then tawny wine-red with iodine. Cromh. Gre- 

 villea, xviii. p. 68. Lecanora galactina var. livida Xyl. in Cromb. 

 Lich. Brit. p. 50 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 207, ed. 3, p. 190. 



Now regarded by Nylander in litt. as a distinct species allied to L. 

 yalactina rather than to L. sa.ricola, under which he mentions it, Lich. 

 Scand. p. 133, as belonging doubtfully to subgenus Squamaria. From 

 the other species of this subsection it is readily distinguished by the 

 thallus and apothecia. Our few British specimens are well fertile. 



Hab. On calcareous walls in upland districts. Distr. Seen only from 

 N. England and the S.W. Highlands of Scotland. B. M. : Wansbeck 

 Yallev, Northumberland. Appin, Argyleshire. 



83. L. subluta Xyl. Flora, 1876, p. 232. Thallus indeterminate, 

 continuous or dispersed, thin, minutely granulose, whitish (K ). 

 Apothecia small, crowded, pale-yellow or yellow-sublivid, the thal- 

 line margin subcrenate ; spores ellipsoid, 0,010-12 mm. long, 0,005-6 

 mm. thick ; paraphyses not very distinct ; hymenial gelatine bluish, 

 then wine-red with iodine. Cromb. Grevillea, v. p. 106 : Leight. 

 Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 190. 



Evidently belongs to this subsection, though the spermogones have not 

 been detected. In the specimens seen the thallus is, with a single excep- 

 tion, somewhat scattered and developed chiefly about the apothecia. 

 These are numerous, and from mutual pressure often become difrorm. 



Hab. On calcareous rocks in upland situations. Distr. Local in N.W. 

 Ireland and the S. Grampians, Scotland. B. M. : Recess and Dawros 

 River, Connemara, co. Galway. Ben Lawers, Perthshire. 



Form perspersa Xyl. Flora, 1876, p. 233. Thallus obsolete. 

 Apothecia distantly scattered ; otherwise as in the type. Cromb. 

 Grevillea, v. p. 106 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 190. 



Differs merely in the absence of a thallus (though traces of it are 

 rarely seen) and in the scattered apothecia, which are somewhat smaller. 



Hab. On rocks in upland situations. Distr. Only in N.W. Ireland. 

 B. M. : Dawros River, Connemara, co. Galway. 



84. L. aipospila Ach. Lich. L T niv. (1810) p. 385. ThaUus sub- 

 orbicular or expanded, tuberculose or papillate towards the centre, 

 radiately sulcate or crenulate at the circumference, thinnish or mode- 

 rate, brown or greyish-brown (K ) ; hypothallus dark, limiting the 

 thallus or obsolete. Apothecia small, innato-sessile on the papillae, 

 brown or blackish, at first plane with entire thalline margin, at length 



