410 LiciiKNAGEi. [LKCANORA. 



Yar. ft. campestris Xyl. Flora, 1873, p. 198. Thallus granuloso- 

 verrucose, greyish-white or grey. Apothecia small or submoderate, 

 the thalline margin entire or at times subcrenulate. Cromb. Gre- 

 villea, xviii. p. 68. L. subfusca . campestris Mudd, Man. p. 147 ; 

 Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 51. L. subfusca Ibrma argentata Leight. Lich. 

 Fl. p. 201, ed. 3, p. 186 pro parte. Lecanora subfusca Hook. Fl. 

 Scot. ii. p. 47 pro parte (?'. e. saxicola); Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 189 pro 

 parte (i.e. saxicola). Lichen punctatus Dicks. Crypt, fasc. iii. p. 15, 

 Eng. Bot. t. 450, With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 15, according to specimens 

 in Hb. Sowerby, is a young state of this variety with darker 

 apothecia. Brit. Exs. : Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 99. 



Differs from the type, of which probably it is only a saxicolous form, 

 in the thallus being more unequal (though transition-states are not 

 wanting) and in the thalline margin of the apothecia being occasionally 

 slightly crenulate. The thallus is rarely somewhat expanded and is 

 usually well fertile. It is at times the host of a parasitic Endococcus 

 hereafter to be described. 



Hab. On rocks and walls, rarely on the ground, from maritime to 

 upland districts. Distr. General and common throughout Great Britain 

 and Ireland, as also in the Channel Islands. B. M. : St. Ouen's Bay, 

 Island of Jersey ; The Vale, Island of Guernsey. Near Yarmouth, 

 Suffolk ; Hastings, Sussex ; Shanklin, Isle of Wight ; Anstey's Cove, 

 Torquay, S. Devon ; W T ithiel and near Penzance, Cornwall ; Stormy 

 Down, Glamorganshire ; Llandyssil, Cardiganshire ; Barnsley Park, near 

 Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Grecha Mt., Isle of Man ; near Ayton, 

 Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Eglestone, Durham ; Helsington, Cumberiand ; 

 near Kendal, Westmoreland ; Chollerford, Northumberland. ? West 

 W 7 ater, Fifeshire ; Achosragan Hill, Appin, Argyleshire ; Glen Lyon 

 and Glen Fender, Perthshire ; Cove, Kincardineshire ; near Aberdeen. 

 Cork Harbour and Kinsale, co. Cork ; near Kilkee, co. Clare ; Bally- 

 nahinch, Dawros Bridge and Lettermore, Connemara, co. Galway. 



87. L. spodophaeoides Jsyl. Flora, 1872, p. 250, nota 2, nomen. 

 Thallus determinate, thinnish, rugulose, grejish (K -4- yellowish, 

 CaCl ); hypothallus whitish, byssino-radiating. Apothecia small, 

 plane, black-sanguineous, often crowded and angulose, the thalline 

 margin subentire or subcrenulate ; spores ellipsoid, 0,012-16 mm. 

 long, 0,007-8 mm. thick ; paraphyses moderate, subarticulate, sub- 

 clavate at the agglutinate apices ; epithecium deep yellow-brown ; 

 hymenial gelatine (especially the thecae) bluish with iodine. L. sub- 

 fusca var. spodopliceoides, Cromb. Grevillea, i. p. 171 ; Leight. Lich. 

 Fl. ed. 3, p. 188. 



Approaches var. /3 of the preceding species, but the characters of the 

 hypothallus, apothecia, and paraphyses render it distinct. In the single 

 entire specimen gathered the thallus is but of moderate size, and is 

 distinctly limited by the hypothallus. The spermogones are frequent, 

 with spermatia 0,025 mm. long, 0,0006 mm. i\\ick,Jide Nyl., to whom I 

 owe also the diagnosis of the plant. 



Hab. On a mica-schist wall in an upland district. Distr. Very local 

 and rare in the Central Grampians, Scotland. B. M. : Craig Tulloch, 

 Blair A thole, Perthshire. 



