416 LICHENACEI. [LKCANORA. 



Staveley, Westmoreland ; Alston, Cumberland. Dalmahoy Hill, near 

 Edinburgh ; Appin, Argyleshire ; The Trossachs, Perthshire ; Baldovan, 

 Forfarshire : near Portlethen, Kincardineshire. Lambay Island, co. 

 Cork. 



Form pnlicaris Nyl. ex Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. (1890) p. 68. 

 Thallus very thin or obsolete, whitish. Apothecia small, plane, at 

 length convex ; the thalline margin thin, entire, whitish. Lecanora 

 pulicaris Ach. Syn. (1814) p. 336. Patellaria pulicaris Pers. Act. 

 Wetteraw. ii. (1810), fide Ach. I. c. 



The few British specimens are entirely ecrustaceous, and are limited 

 throughout by black hypothalline (?) lines. The apothecia are numerous, 

 though not crowded. 



Hob. On old fir palings in upland mountainous districts. Distr. Very 

 local among the Grampians, Scotland. B. M. : Blair Athole, Perthshire; 

 Crathie, Braemar, Aberdeeushire. 



94. L. gangaleoides Nyl. Flora, 1872, p. 354. Thallus sub- 

 determinate, verrucoso-areolate, greyish-white (K-f yellow, CaCl ). 

 Apothecia moderate, sessile, plane, crowded, black ; the thalliue 

 margin thin, entire ; piraphyses moderate, epithecium not iuspersed ; 

 spores 0,012-15 mm. long, 0,007-8 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine 

 bluish, the thecse at length wine-coloured with iodine. Cromb. 

 Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 360 ; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 189. L. sul- 

 fusca forma gangalea (non Ach.) Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 202, ed. 3, 

 p. 187, may be this pro parte. Brit. Exs. : Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 19. 



Like the preceding apt to be confounded with L. atra, from which it 

 is distinguished by the internal colour of the apothecia and by the arcuate 

 spermatia. From L. coilocarpa, which it more closely approaches, it differs 

 chiefly in the darker apothecia and the thicker paraphyses. Its 

 nearest ally is L. atrynea, of which Nylander /. c. says it may probably 

 be a variety distinguished by the colour of the apothecia and 

 the reaction of the hymenial gelatine. The apothecia are often crowded, 

 with the thalline margin occasionally slightly inflexed. The spermogonea 

 are frequent, with spermatia 0,020-30 mm. long, 0,0005 mm. thick. 



Hob. On rocks and walls in hilly and mountainous regions. Distr. 

 Seen only from a few localities in N. England, the Scottish Highlands, 

 and N.W. Ireland B. M. : N. Derbyshire ; Bearmoor, Northumberland ; 

 Llanbedrog, Carnarvonshire ; Wastdale, Cumberland. Achosragan Hill, 

 Appin, Argyleshire ; Craig Tulloch, Blair Athole, Perthshire. Letter 

 Hill and Ballinakill, Counemara, co. Galway. 



L. schistina Nyl. Flora, 1872, p. 429. Thallus deter- 

 minate, continuous, smooth, rugulose, areolato-rimose, glaucous- 

 white. Apothecia moderate or somewhat large, black, opaque ; the 

 thalline margin at length flexuose, white ; spores 0,011-14 mm. 

 long, 0,006-8 mm. thick. Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 68. L. 

 schistina Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1182, p. 274. 



Differs from the type more especially in the smoother deplanate thallus 



