1ECAXOBA.] LECANO-LECIDEEI. 429 



Walthamstow, Essex ; Hastings, Sussex ; St. Minver and Penzance, 

 Cornwall ; Cheveley Park, Cambridgeshire ; Bardon Hill, Leicestershire ; 

 Malvern Hills, Worcestershire ; Wrekin Hill, Shropshire ; Barmouth and 

 Dolgelly, Merionethshire ; Island of Anglesea ; Koseberry, Cleveland, 

 Yorkshire ; Eglestone, Durham ; Staveley, near Kendal, Westmoreland ; 

 Wansbeck, Northumberland. Rerrick, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Appin, 

 Argyleshire; Ben Lawers, Perthshire; Portlethen, Kincardineshire ; 

 Craig Guie, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. Lambay Island, co. Cork ; Kil- 

 larney, co. Kerry ; Letter Hill, Connemara, co. Galway. 



113. L. orosthea Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 400. Thallus 

 effuse, thin, areolato-rimulose or subpulverulent, yellowish-sulphur- 

 coloured (K-f yellow, CaCl ). Apothecia small, biatoroid, convex 

 or tuberculoso-difform, immarginate, subconcolorous with the thaJlus 

 or yellowish-flesh-coloured, sometimes sordid or subpruinose ; spores 

 ellipsoid or oblong, 0,009-16 mm. long, 0,006-7 mm. thick; hyme- 

 nial gelatine bluish with iodiue. Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 199, ed. 3, 

 p. 183 pro parte. Lecanora varia subsp. orosthea Cromb. Lich. Brit. 

 p. 52. Lecidea orosthea Gray, Xat. Arr. i. p. 470. Lichen orostluus 

 Ach. Prodr. (1798) p. 38. 



Approaches L. sulphured, but differs in the thinner, paler, more or less 

 pulverulent thallus and the smaller apothecia. It grows chieflv on the 

 smooth sides of perpendicular rocks, is very widely effuse, and is either 

 entirely sterile or sparingly fertile. The apothecia are more or less scat- 

 tered, varying in colour according to degree of exposure. 



Hob. On rocks, granitic and schistose, in maritime and upland districts. 

 Distr. Seen from only a few localities in Great Britain and Ireland, 

 but is no doubt more widely distributed, though, from being so frequently 

 sterile and the nature of the habitat, specimens are rare in herbaria. 

 B. M. : Land's End, Cornwall ; Ennerdale, Cumberland. West W T ater, 

 Fifeshire ; Craig Calliach, Perthshire ; Portlethen, Kincardineshire. 

 Croghane, co. Kerry ; co. Wicklow ; Kylemore, Connemara, co. Galway. 



Var. /3. snblivescens Xyl. Flora, 1872, p. 248. Thallus as in 

 the type. Apothecia often livid or livid-black, epruinose. Cromb. 

 Grevillea, xviii. p. 69. Lecanora varia var. symmicta form livescens 

 Nyl. in Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 52. 



Differs in the apothecia being naked, frequently variously livid, and 

 more especially in the habitat. In our specimens the thallus is usually 

 less pulverulent and rather darker. The apothecia are very numerous 

 and crowded, some at times appearing as if crowned by the thallus. 



Hab. On the trunks of aged beech-trees in wooded upland districts. 

 Distr. Only a few localities in S. and E. England, where, however, it ia 

 plentiful. B. M. : Near Lyndhurst, New Forest, Hants ; Highbeech, 

 Epping Forest, Essex ; Windsor Great Park, Berkshire. 



114. L. epanora Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 377. Thallus effuse, 

 granulose, thinnish, greenish -yellow, citrino-sorediate, the granules 

 globuloso-congested, contiguous or dispersed (K , CaCl ) ; bypo- 

 thallus blackish or obsolete. Apothecia submoderate, lecanorine, 



