438 LICHENACEI. [LECANOKA. 



condition of this with small apothecia is var. K. itiusoria Ach. Lich. 

 Univ. p. 380, Cromb. Lich. Brit. 1. c. (non Leight. Lich. Fl. II. c.). The 

 apothecia are variable in size, usually very numerous so as almost to 

 obliterate the thallus, and at times in old plants several are conglomerate. 

 The spermcgones, which are also frequent, are punctiform, immeised, 

 dark-brown or blackish. 



Ildb. On rocks, boulders, and walls in maritime and mountainous dis- 

 tricts. Distr. General in Great Britain and Ireland, plentiful among the 

 Grampians, Scotland ; rare in the Channel Islands. B. M. : La Move, 

 Island of Jersey. Bolt Head, S. Devon; near Penzance, Cornwall; 

 Aberdovey, Merionethshire ; Nesscliffe Hill, Shropshire; Cliflrig, Cleve- 

 land, Yorkshire ; Eglestone, Durham ; Keswick, Cumberland. Appin, 

 Argyleshire, Ben Lawers and Craig Tulloch, Perthshire ; Portlethen, 

 Kincardineshire ; Ben-naboord, Braemar, Aberdeenshire : Ben Nevis, 

 Inverness-shire. Kinsale, co. Cork; Derryquin, near Dunkerron, co. 

 Kerry ; Doughruagh nits. ; Connemara, co. Galway. 



Form 1. efflorescent Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. (1890) p. 69. 

 Thallus sprinkled here and there with, pale-yellowish soredia. 

 Apothecia small, plane or somewhat convex, usually immarginate. 



Apparently a rare condition not previously observed, but resulting no 

 doubt from the habitat. The soredia are yellowish with K. It is very 

 different from L. epanora. 



Hnb. On shaded stones of a schistose wall in an upland district. 

 Distr. Only very sparingly on one of the Central Grampians, Scotland. 

 B. M. : Craig Tulloch, Blair Athole, Perthshire. 



Form 2. alpigena Schaer, Enum. (1850) p. 81. Thallus rimoso- 

 areolate, pale yellow. Apothecia large, appressed, plane or convex, 

 concolorous, the thalline margin paler, flexuose. Leight. Lich. Fl. 

 p. 197, ed. 3, p. 181. Lecanora varia var. i. alpigena, Ach. Lich. 

 Uuiv. (1810) p. 381 (excl. vars.). 



Evidently confluent with the type, differing chiefly in the larger paler 

 apothecia. These at length become convex, more or less aggregate, with 

 the thalline margin excluded. 



Hab. On schistose rocks in alpine places. Distr. Very rare on one 

 of the S. Grampians, Scotland. B. M. : Ben Lawers, Perthshire. 



Form 3. snbglobosa Cromb. Thallus effuse, thin, granulate, 

 greenish-yellow, often nearly obsolete. Apothecia small, numerous, 

 convex or subglobose, greenish-yellow or sub-brownish, immar- 

 ginate. Lecanora polyptropa var. . conglobata (non Flot.) Mudd, 

 Man. p. 152, form conglobata (non Somm.) Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 197, 

 ed. 3, p. 180. Lecanora varia var. polytropa form conglobata (non 

 Somm.) Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 52. Brit. Exs. : Leight. n. 152 ; 

 Mudd, n. 120. 



In this form, as observed by Leighton //. c., the crowded apothecia are 

 yet distinct, though at times scattered and confluent. The thallus is 

 sometimes scarcely visible, when, except in the shape of the apothecia, it 

 differs little from the so-called var. illusoria Ach. As the young apothecia, 



