486 LICHEXACEI. [LECAXORA. 



191. L. smaragdula Nyl. Flora, 1872, p. 429. Thallus squa- 

 mulose, greenish or greenish-brown, the squamules plane or slightly 

 convex, rounded, more or less discrete (K , CaCl ). Apothecia 

 minute, punctiform, immersed, solitary or several in each squamule, 

 dark-brown; spores about 0,003-4 mm. long, scarcely 0,001 mm. 

 thick; hymenial gelatine pale blue, then tawny with iodine. 

 Cromb. Grevillea, xix. p. 58. Lecanora fuscata var. smaragdula 

 Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 56. L. squamulosa forma smaragdula Leight. 

 Lich. Fl. p. 184, ed. 3, p. 169. Acarospora cervitia 3. smaragdula et 

 T). privigna Mudd, Man. p. 159. Endocarpon smaragdulum Wahl. in 

 Ach. Meth. Suppl. (1803) p. 29 ; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 44 ; 8m. Eng. 

 Fl. v. p. 158 ; Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 499 ; Leight. Angio. Lich. p. 16, 

 t. 4. f. 3. Lichen smaragdulus Eng. Bot. t. 15 12. Endocarpon rufo- 

 virescens Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. IQO.Srit. Exs. : Leight. n. 271 ; 

 Mudd, n. 132. 



Looks distinct but, as already intimated, probably descends from L. ru- 

 fescens, of which it would then be a subspecies characterized by the small, 

 scattered squamules and the minute apothecia. The former, however, are 

 at times more approximate and when much scattered are only sparingly 

 fertile. 



Hob. On rocks and walls in maritime and upland districts. Distr. 

 Rather local in Great Britain, rare in S.W. Ireland and the Channel 

 Islands. B. M. : Island of Guernsey. Redruth, Cornwall ; Wickwar, 

 Gloucestershire ; Barmouth, Merioneth ; Howden Gill and near Ayton, 

 Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Teesdale, Durham ; near Hexharn, Northumber- 

 land ; near Kendal, Westmoreland. Barcaldine, Argyleshire ; King's 

 Park, Stirling, Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; S. of Bay of Nigg, Kincar- 

 dineshire. Derriquin and Sybil Head, co. Kerry ; near Kylemore, co. 

 Galway. 



Form sinopica Nyl. ex Norrl. Not. Sallsk. pro F. et Fl. Fenn. 

 Forh. t. xiii. (1873) p. 332. Thallus areolato-squamulose, rusty- 

 red. Apothecia black. Cromb. Grevillea, xix. p. 58. Lecanora 

 fuscata var. sinopica Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 56. L. squamulosa forma 

 sinopica Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 184, ed. 3, p. 170. Acarospora cervina 

 . sinopica Mudd, Man. p. 160. Endocarpon sinopicum Wahl. in 

 Ach. Meth. Suppl. (1803) p. 30 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 159 ; Gray, 

 Nat. Arr. i. p. 499. E. smaragdulum ft. sinopicum Leight. Angio. 

 Lich. p. 16, t. 5. f. 1. Lichen sinopicus Eng. Bot. t. 1776 (upper 

 fig-)- 



Differs merely in the colour of the more contiguous thallus and in the 

 darker apothecia, which are more frequently solitary in the squamules. 

 The ferruginous colour, as in other instances, is owing to suffusion from 

 peroxide of iron. 



Hob. On rocks and boulders, chiefly schistose, in mountainous regions. 

 Distr. Only in N. Wales and on the Scottish Grampians.- B. M. : Dol- 

 gelly, Merionethshire ; Aber and Beddgelert, Carnarvonshire ; Island of 

 Anglesea. Achrosagan Hill, Appiu, Argyleshire ; Killin, Ben Lawers, 

 and Ben Vrackie, Perthshire; Glen Cluny, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; 

 Glen Nevis, Inverness-shire. 



