CLASSIFICATION OF ANGIOSPERMS. 643 



A volatile oil, known as AJOWAN OIL, and containing thymol, 

 is obtained from the fruit of Carum Ajowan of Europe, Asia and 

 Africa. A volatile oil containing APIOL is found in the fruit and 

 leaves of the garden parsley (Petroselinum sativum). DILL OIL 

 is obtained from the garden Dill (Anethum graveolens). The 

 fruit of Sweet cicely (W 'ashingtonia longistylis} yields a volatile 

 oil known as sweet anise oil, which contains anethol. The oil 

 of water fennel (CEnanthe Phellandrium) contains about 80 per 

 cent, of phellandrene. CUMIN OIL is obtained from Cuminum 

 Cyminum of Turkestan and Egypt, and contains cymene. 



The roots of a number of the plants of this family contain 

 volatile oils, as Lovage (Levisticum officinale) of Southern 

 Europe; European angelica or garden angelica (Angelica Arch- 

 angelica] ; American angelica or the purple-stemmed angelica 

 (A. atropurpurea} found in the Northern and Eastern United 

 States and Canada; Wild angelica (A. sylvestris) of Europe. 



c. CORNACE^E OR DOGWOOD FAMILY. The plants 

 are shrubs or trees with simple, opposite leaves, and flowers in 

 cymes or heads, which in the case of the Flowering dogwood 

 (Cornus florida) are subtended by four large, petal-like, white, or 

 pinkish bracts. The fruit is a i- or 2-seeded drupe. 



The bark of Cornus florida, a shrub or small tree growing in 

 the United States, contains a bitter principle, cornin ; and a small 

 quantity of gallic and tannic acids. 



Aucuba japonica, a plant indigenous to the Himalayas, China 

 and Japan and extensively cultivated on account of its crimson 

 berries, contains a glucoside aucubin. It is found in the different 

 varieties and varies in amount from 0.31 to 1.96 per cent. 



METACHLAMYDE.E OR SYMPETAL^. 



This is the highest group of plants and is marked by the follow- 

 ing characters : The corolla is sympetalous ; the flowers are mostly 

 perigynous or epigynous and both the corolla and stamens are 

 borne on the perianth tube. The number of parts is definite, there 

 being 5 sepals, 5 petals, 5 or 10 stamens and 2 or 5 carpels. This 

 sub-class includes but six orders, to which, however, belong a large 

 number of medicinal and economic plants. 



