248 



APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY' 



which is due to infestation, is an important control which should not be 

 omitted. If the insect is present the sooner fumigation is given the 

 sooner the loss by feeding will be stopped. 



Family Pterophoridae. The insects of this family, though rather small, are of 

 much interest, the wings being cleft for a part of the distance in from the outer 

 margin toward the base (Fig. 243). In most cases the fore wing is divided into 

 two such parts and the hind wing into three. A single species found in this 

 country and placed in a separate family (Orneodidse, Fig. 244), has each of its 

 wings divided into six parts. 



FIG. 243. FIG. 244. 



FIG. 243. Adult Pterophorid Moth showing the cleft wings, nearly twice natural size. 

 (Original.) 



FIG. 244. Orneodid Moth showing the cleft wings. Twice natural size. (Original.) 



Most of the Pterophoridse are not of great economic importance. One species, 

 however, causes some injury to the grape by webbing together the leaves, usually 

 the terminal ones, and feeding within the web. As this frequently involves a 

 cluster of buds which may also be fed upon, the crop may be somewhat reduced 

 in this way. The only control known is to remove the webs by hand and crush 

 the little caterpillars. 



FIG. 245. Adult Mediterranean Flour Moth (Ephestia kuhniella Zell.), three times 

 natural size. (From Herrick's Insects Injurious to the Household. By Permission of the 

 Macmillan Company, Publishers.) 



Family Pyralidae. This is a large family but most of the moths belonging here 

 are small. The members of the group have very varied habits. Some fold or roll 

 leaves ; some bore in plant stems ; some feed on stored cereals or dried fruit ; one or 

 two feed on wax and are pests in bee hives ; others attack foliage, grass or vari- 

 ous materials. Many are injurious but few can be rated as serious pests over 

 the entire country. 



