CHAP. III. CONTINENT OF EUROPE. 169 



the brothers Pecmardi, near Cremona. Tn 1785 great additions were made 

 to the foreign trees and shrubs of the north of Italy, by Count Louis Cas- 

 tiglione, who undertook a voyage to North America, and brought lionie a 

 great number of seeds, which he sowed at Mo/x.ate, afterwards distributing 

 the plants over all Italy. In 1811 farther additions were made to the foreign 

 trees and shrubs of Lombardy, by M. Villaresi, then director of the gardens 

 of Monza ; and in 1814 still further additions were made by the present 

 viceroy. In consequence of these introductions, there are now, in the park 

 and gardens at Monza, many fine specimens of exotic trees. Magnolia 

 conspicua flowers every year, and ripens abundance of seed. M. grandiflora, 

 at GO years old, is 36 ft. high ; and, though in a very unfavourable situation, 

 vi/. a dry soil and a warm sunny exposure, it flowers and seeds freely. 

 There are above 230 of these trees in the plantations of the park, besides 

 numerous plants of all the other species. The tulip tree has attained the 

 height of 70 ft. in 29 years, flowering and seeding every year. Ailantus glan- 

 dulosa, 29 years planted, is 60 ft. high; and Robfnia Pseud-acacia, of the 

 the same age, is 75ft. high, with a trunk 2 ft. in diameter, and branches 

 covering a space of 120 ft. in circumference. There are many other fine trees 

 in the grounds at Monza, details respecting which will be found in the (rar- 

 deuer's Magazine, vol. xi. p. 639. 



In the garden of Count Mellerio, at Brianza, near Milan, the Jl/elia 

 Azedaracli, 26 years planted,''is 40ft. high, and flowers and seeds freely every 

 year. This beautiful tree is one of the greatest ornaments of the public 

 promenades of the south of Italy ; but there are very few parts of Lombardy 

 where it attains so large a size as at Brianza. 



In the year 1832, the Abbe Belese made a tour through the northern part of 

 Italy, chiefly to inspect the gardens ; and he noticed, among other trees and 

 shrubs, the following : Near Milan, at Soma, he saw a cypress of great 

 antiquity, which girted 20ft., and was 70 ft. high, though it had, for many 

 years, lost its leading shoot ; popular tradition says that it was planted pre- 

 viously to the birth of Christ; and the Abbe Belese' s brother assured 

 him, that there was an ancient chronicle in Milan, which proves that this 

 tree existed in the time of Julius Caesar, B.C. 42. In the botanic garden 

 at Padua, the abbe found two trees of Magnolw grandiflora, which had 

 been planted 90 years, soon after the introduction of the tree into Europe ; 

 they were 60ft. high, with trunks 4ft. in diameter; they were sown by the 

 director of the garden, Farsetti, in 1742. There are in this garden, a salis- 

 buria, 60 ft. high ; two trees of Lagerstroe v mza indica, of 40 ft. high, which 

 ripen seed every year ; the common red-flowered althea frutex, 50ft. high, 

 and which, on the 8th of August, 1832, was so covered with blossoms as to 

 resemble one immense flower of the double red camellia. Cjuercus 7 v lex is 

 here- 1 00 ft. high; 6'alix annularis, 40ft.; Z/ycium japonicum, 25ft.; y/cacia 

 farnesiana, 60 ft., the flowers of which perfumed the air for a great distance 

 round; the date palm, 25 ft.; Aralia spinosa, 25ft.; C'erasus semperflorens, 

 bearing fruit and flowers at the same time, 50ft.; Titex jf'gnus-castus, 

 140 years planted, and 35ft. high; Tccoma stans, 30ft.; Smilax SarsaparUla, 

 60 ft. ; NicotfV/Hrt glauca, a magnificent tree-like specimen ; Cacsalpf n/ Sap- 

 p fiii y 15ft.; C'hamac'rops humilis, 25ft.; Asimina triloba, 20ft., and covered 

 with excellent ripe fruit ; y/cacia Jnlibrixsin, 60ft.; Liriodendron Tulipifera, 

 80ft.; Sterculia ;;latanifolia, 40 ft. : Casuarina distyla, 15ft.; and a number 

 of others, which \\ill be found recorded in the A/males dc la Socictc rf' Horti- 

 culture dc Paris, torn. 12e, p. 68. 



In the Isola Bella there are a great many exotic trees and shrubs of very 

 luxuriant growth. Among these are, an immense oleander, numerous trees 

 of Z/aurus nobilis, of great growth ; and a hydrangea, 10ft. in diameter, and 

 8 ft. high, planted in peat soil, and covered with deep blue flowers. In 

 this, and in other of the Borromean islands, the Agave americana stands the 

 open air, and flowers freely. On the whole, though there arc several tropical 

 trees that will not live in the open air in the north of Italy generally, yet 



