298 



ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. 



PART III, 



rarely lateral ; those bearing male flowers are usually many-flowered ; but 

 those bearing female flowers are few-flowered, either free from bracteas, or 

 furnished with very small ones. The berries of many of the species of this 

 genus are often made into a paste, and used in their native countries to intox- 

 icate fish and birds, &c., in order to take them ; and it is said that brewers 

 use them to give their ale and porter an intoxicating quality. (Don's Mill., i. 

 p. 104.) The species are chiefly tropical, and only one that is hardy has yet 

 been introduced into the British gardens. 



-I 1. CO'CCULUS CAROLI V NUS Dec. The Carolina Cocculus. 



Identification. Dfec. Prod., 1. p. 98. ; Don's Mill., 1. p. 107. 



Synonymes. Menispermum carolinum Lin. ; Wendlandw* popuIifT>lia Willd., Pursk, and Dill. ; 



Androphilax scandens Wendl. ; Baumgartia scandens Moench. ; Menisperrae de la Caroline, Fr. ; 



Carolinischer Mondsaame, Ger. 

 Engravings. Dill. Elth., 223. t. 178. f. 219. ; WendL Obs., 3. t. Iff. ; and oar fig. 45. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Leaves cordate or ovate, 

 entire, obtuse, and somewhat 3-lobed ; 

 under surface velvety pubescent. Male 

 racemes floriferous from the base, fe- 

 male ones 3-flowered. (Don's Mill. y i. 

 p. 107.) A twining shrub, a native of 

 Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, in 

 woods and hedges, as the black bryony 

 is in England. The flowers are dioe- 

 cious, but, according to Wendland, 

 often hermaphrodite. Though ligneous 

 in its native country, in cold countries 

 it is often herbaceous or subherbaceous. 

 The flowers, which appear in June and 

 July, are greenish; and the berries, 

 when ripe, are of a red colour. It was 

 introduced into England in 1759, and 

 is not uncommon in botanic gardens and 

 the principal nurseries. Price, in Lon- 

 don, 1*. 6d. a plant ; at Bollwyller, ? ; in 

 New York, 1 dollar. 



App. i. Anticipated Menhpermacea. 



In p. 175. are enumerated some genera and species belonging to this order 

 which are natives of the Himalaya; and in p. 176. some that are natives of 

 China and Japan, which, it is considered, would be found half-hardy in our 

 gardens. 



CHAP. VIII. 



OF THE HARDY LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF THE ORDER 

 BERBER J CE2E. 



THIS crder is distinguished from other thalamiflorous ones by the fol- 

 lowing traits. Sepals usually 6, in two whorls, deciduous, and furnished 

 with petal-like scales on the outside. The petals are equal in number 

 with the sepals; and the stamens equal in number with the petals, and 

 opposite to them. The anthers " open by reflexed valves; that is to say, 

 the face of each cell of the anther peels off except at the point, where it 

 adheres as if it were hinged there;" a structure so remarkable, Dr. Lind- 

 ley observes, as to be " found in no European plants except lic 



