CHAP. xxin. 



469 



to have worked plants ; and indeed they should, if practicable, endeavour to see the tree from which 

 the plants have been \vorked, when that tree is in (lower. Tor this reason we think that nursery- 

 men, who propagate varieties of these and other select flowering trees, ought always to keep >peci- 

 men plants in their own grounds, from which to take scions for propagation. At all events, such 

 varieties ought never to he raised from seed ; because, though there can be no doubt hut that the 

 progeny would be:ir a general resemblance to the parent, yet the particular feature for which the 

 variety' was cultivated might he wanting. For example, the'flowers of the seedlings may come earlier 

 or later, larger or smaller, than those of the parent. Early and late varieties of all ihowy-flowered 

 trees are very desirable, because they prolong the season of blooming. Early leafing varieties of 

 trees, and trees which retain their leaves late in the season, are also desirable ; and in this respect 

 the common horsechcstnut varies exceedingly, as any one may observe, by walking along the avenue 

 of horsechestnuts in Bushy Park in spring and autumn. There is one.'variety of the common horse, 

 chestnut, exemplified in a tree .in the garden of the Tuilleries, which we should like much to see 

 introduced into Britain. This tree is easily distinguished, even in summer, from all the others in 

 the same garden, by the profusion of flowers with which it is covered, and also by the earliness of 

 their appearance, and that of the leaves. The tree was first mentioned to us by our correspondent, 

 Mr. Blaikie, some years since, as (lowering always a fortnight earlier than the others; and another 

 friend has supplied us with a fact respecting the individual tree at the Tuilleries, which is of some 

 historical interest. On Napoleon's entry into Paris, on the 20th March, 1K15, after his return from 

 Elba, this tree furnished to him and his friends foliage for their personal decoration, being the only 

 tree then in leaf in the garden of the Tuilleries. (See Gard. Mag., vol. xi. p. 5J7.) 



GENUS II. 



PA V V//1 Boerh. THE PAVIA, or SMOOTH-FRUITED HORSECHESTNUT TREE. 

 Lin. Syst. Heptandria Monogynia. 



Identification. Boerh. Lugd., t. 260. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 598. ; Don's Mill., 1. p. 652. 



Synont/tne. Pavier, Fr. 



Derivation. In honour of Peter Paw, a Dutch botanist, once Professor of Botany at Leyden. 



Gen. Char. Middle-sized deciduous trees or shrubs, distinguishable from the 

 horsechestnuts by the smoothness of their fruit, and the comparative small- 

 ness of their flowers, which have their petals erect and narrower. The 

 leaves, also, are generally smaller, and smoother. There are probably only 

 three, or possibly only two, aboriginal species. 



2 1. P. RU N BRA Lam. The red-lowered Pavia. 



Identification. Lam. Illust. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 598. ; Don's Mill., 1. p. 653. 



Synwu/mes. yE'sculus Pavm Lin. ; JE. Pavm var. a rubra Hai/ne Dend., p. 44. ; T&via prviflbra 

 ' Hort. ; small Buckeye, Amer. ; Marronier Pavie, or Pavie a Fleurs rouges, Fr. ; rothe Kosskastanie, 

 Ger. 



Engravings. Lam. Illust., t. 273. ; Hayne Abbild., t. 21. ; Wats. Dend., t. 120. ; Krause, t 55. ; and 

 our plate of the tree in Vol. II. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Fruit smooth. Corolla of 4 petals, that are longer than the 

 stamens. Leaflets 5, elliptic-oblong, tapered to both ends, and smooth, as is 

 the petiole ; axils of the nerves hairy on the under surface of the leaf. (Dec. 

 Prod., i p. 598.) A slender-growing tree, from the mountains of Virginia 

 and Carolina; and said, also, to be a native of Brazil and Japan. Intro- 

 duced in 1711, and producing flowers, which are of a brownish scarlet 

 colour, in May and June- Height, from 10 ft. to 20 ft.; or, in some cases, 

 to 30 ft. The tree in the garden of the London Horticultural Society was, 

 in 1834, 10 ft. high, after having been planted 8 years. 

 Description, $c. In its native country, the P. rubra varies in magnitude 

 from a low rambling shrub to a tree of 20 ft. or more in height. In England, 

 it is in cultivation in various forms : as a tree, in which character it has, at 

 Syon (see our plate in Vol. II.), attained the height of 26 ft.; as a pendulous 

 tree, of 12 ft. or 14ft. in height; and as a trailing shrub, under the name of 

 P. humilis in the London Horticultural Society's Garden, and in the arboretum 

 of Messrs. Loddiges. In addition to these forms, there are several others 

 which are enumerated below. 



Varieties. 



P. r. 2 rtrgutfi G. Don. The sharp-toothed-leaved ra/-flowered Pavia. 

 Figured in the Botanical RcgixtcrJ.. 993., and in our fg. 135. Introduced 

 into the ganl.-n of the London Horticultural Society from the nursery 

 of M. Ciitros of Bordeaux, under the name of yK'sculus Pav/Vz par- 

 viflura. It is a handsome small tree, with dark brownish red flowers, 

 K K 4 



