CHAP. XLII. ROSA'CEIE. JZU'BUS. 



Leaves of the barren branches pinnate ; of the fertile branches, trifoliolate. 

 Leaflets ovate, incisely serrated, whitely tomentose beneath. Stipules very 

 narrow, and bristle-like. Flowers in umbels. Peduncle prickled. Sepals 

 lanceolate-linear, tomentose, longer than the petals, which are obovately 

 wedge-shaped, two-lobed, and spreading. Fruit black, acid, of the form of 

 that of R. idae'us. Carpels numerous, rather glabrous; becoming, by dry- 

 ing, rugged, with little hollows. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 558.) A native of Ca- 

 nada and the West Indies; introduced in 1696; growing to the height of 

 from 4 ft. to 6 ft. 



A 8. R. A'SPER D. Don. The rough-branchleted and pctioled Bramble. 



Identification. Don Prod. Fl. Nepal, p. 234. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 558. ; Don's Mill., 2. p. 531. 



Spec. Char., #c. Leaves pinnate ; leaflets 7, elliptical, acuminate, sharply serrate, green, pilose 

 beneath. Petioles and branchlets bearing prickles and glanded bristles. Stipules lanceolate, 

 pointed. Flowers terminal, about 3 together. (Dec. Prod., 2. p. 558.) A native of Nepal, said to 

 be introduced in 1821, and to grow from 4 It. to 6ft. high ; but we have not seen the plant 



si 9. R. ID. V US L. The Mount Ida Bramble, or common Raspberry. 



Identification. Lin. Sp., 706. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 558. 



Synonymcs. II . fra mlxcsit, nits Lam. Fl. Fr., 3. p. 135. ; Framboisier, Fr. ; gerueine Brombeere, Ger. 

 " The Raspis is called in Greeke BATOS IDAIA ; in Latin, Rubus Idtea, of the mountaine Ida, on 

 which itgroweth; in English, Raspis, Framboise, and Hinde-berry." (Johns. Ger. p. 1274.) 



Engravings. Eng. Dot, t. '2442. ; and our Jig. 452. 



Spec. Char., $c. Villose. Stem round, bearing slender recurved prickles. 

 Leaves pinnate ; those of the fertile stems of 3 leaflets, those of the 

 sterile stems of 5, rather palmately disposed. Leaflets ovate, incisely 

 serrated, whitely tomentose beneath. Stipules very narrow and bristle-like. 

 Flowers in a corymbose panicle. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, whitely tomen- 

 tose, ending in a point. Petals obovate-wedge-shaped, entire, conniving, 

 shorter than the calyx. Carpels numerous, tomentose. (Dec. Prod., ii. 

 p. 558.) A shrub, with biennial stems, a native of Europe, and, probably, 

 of Asia, Africa, and America. 



Varieties. There are varieties with red fruit, yellow fruit, and white fruit. 



(Dec. Prod., ii. p. 558.) There is a variety which bears twice in the year. 

 Sfc R. i. 2 microphyllus Wallr. Sched., p. 256. Leaves all of 3 leaflets. 

 Stem suffruticose ; dwarfer and more bushy than the species. (Dec. 

 Prod., ii. p. 558.) 



Description, $c. The common 

 raspberry has a creeping root, with 

 biennial stems, 3 ft. or 4 ft. high, 

 pinnate leaves, and small white 

 flowers. The fruit of the species, J 

 in a wild state, is crimson, and con- 

 sists of numerous juicy grains, be- 

 set with the permanent styles ; 

 and highly fragrant, with a very 

 deliciously sweet, and yet slightly 

 acid, flavour, when eaten. It is a 

 native of Europe, from Norway 



and Sweden to Spain and Greece, 452 



in woods. It is found in Asia, on 

 the Himalaya Mountains, and in other places; in the north of Africa; and, 

 according to Pursh, in America, in hedgerows, from Canada to Pennsyl- 

 vania, though it has been probably introduced into that country. It is found 

 in every part of Great Britain, and in Ireland, in the agricultural and subalpinu 

 regions, in woods, and in moist wastes. Improved varieties of it have long 

 been in cultivation in gardens, for the fruit, which is delightfully fragrant, and 

 grateful to the palate in itself, and is used in numerous culinary and con- 

 fectionery articles, as well as in liqueurs. In France, raspberries are very 

 generally eaten at table, mixed with strawberries. A very refreshing summer 

 drink is made of them, by simply bruising them in water, and adding sugar. They 

 enter into the composition of different jellies, jams, ices, syrups, and ratafias ; 



3 D 2 



