CHAP. XL 1 1. 



#OSA CK/L. /fO'SA. 



759 



Spec. Char., fyc. Petluncles bractless, bristly, a well as the globular fruit and calyx. Stem bristly 

 and prickly, like the downy petioles. Leaflets elliptical, doubly and sharply serrated, hairy on both 

 ides. Petals spreading. (Don's Mill., ii. p. 570.) Flowers pink, expanded. Segments of the 

 calyx simple. Native of the Highlands of Scotland, particularly on the mountains of Clova, An- 

 gusshire. Shrub, 4ft. to 5ft. high, and flowering in June and July. This rose was named in 

 honour of Mr. Don of Forfar ; and Sir Edward Smith observes of it : " It is much to be wished, 

 that this rose should afford a permanent wreath in honour of its discoverer, one of the most 

 indefatigable as well as accurate of botanists, who loved the science for its own sake, and braved 

 every difficulty in its service. He infused the same spirit into his sons [two of whom, Prof. Don, 

 and G. Don, author of Don's Miller, are well known in the botanical world], who are now living 

 evidences of his knowledge, and of his powers of instruction." (Smith's Eng. Fl., 2. p. 379.) 



v. Centifblite Lincll. 



Derivation. From ccntum t a hundred, and folium, a leaf ; because the species contained in this 

 section agree in character with the hundred-leaved rose, which is so extensively double as to seem 

 to have a hundred petals. 



Sect. Char., $c. Shrubs, all bearing bristles and prickles. Peduncles 

 bracteate. Leaflets oblong or ovate, wrinkled. Disk thickened, closing 

 the throat. Sepals compound. This division comprises the portion of 

 the genus Rosa which has most particularly interested the lover of flowers. 

 It is probable that the earliest roses of which there are any records of 

 being cultivated belonged to this section ; but, to which particular species 

 those of Cyrene or Mount Panga?us are to be referred, it is now too late 

 to enquire. The attar of roses, which is an important article of commerce, 

 is either obtained from roses belonging to this division indiscriminately, as 

 in the manufactory at Florence, conducted by a convent of friars ; or from 

 some particular kind, as in India. It appears, from specimens brought from 

 Chizapore by Colonel Hardwicke, that R. damascena is there exclusively 

 used for obtaining the essential oil. The Persians also make use of a sort 

 which Kaempfer calls R. shirazensis (from its growing about Shiraz), in 

 preference to others : this maybe either R. damascena, or R. gallica, or R. 

 centifolia, or perhaps R. moschata. The species contained in the present 

 section are all setigerous, by which they are distinguished from the fol- 

 lowing divisions : their thickened disk and divided sepals separate them 

 from the preceding. To the section of Rubiginosae the glanduliferous sorts 

 approach ; but the difference of their glands, the size of their flowers, and 

 their dissimilar habit, prevent their being confounded. (Don's Mil/., ii. 

 p. 571. adapted.) 



* 35. R. DAMASCE'NA Mill. The Damascus, or Damask, Rose. 



Identification. Mill. Diet, No. 15. ; Don's Mill., 2. p. 571. 



Synoni/mes. R. Wlgica Mill. Diet., No. 17. ; R. calend&rum Munch. Hausv. ex Borh. Holz., 530., 



Ros'sig. Ros., t 8., and t. 33. ; R, bifera Pair. Suppl. 6. p. 276., Red. Ros., 1. p. 107. and p. 121. ; 



Rose a quatre Saisons. 

 Engravings. Redout. Ros., 1. 1 58. ; and our Jig. 490. of R. d. coccinea. 



Spec. Char., %c. Prickles unequal, larger ones 

 falcate. Sepals reflexed. Fruit elongated. 

 (Don's Mill., ii. p. 571.) Native of Syria. 

 Flowers large, white or red, single or dou- 

 ble. The present species may be distin- 

 guished from R. centifolia by the greater 

 size of the prickles, the greenness of the 

 bark, the elongated fruit, and the long re- 

 flexed sepals. The petals of this species, 

 and all the varieties of R. centifolia, as well 

 as those of other species, are employed in- 

 discriminately for the purpose of making 

 rose-water. A shrub, growing from 2 ft. to 

 8 ft. high, and flowering in June and July. 

 This species is extremely beautiful, from 

 the size and brilliant colour of its flowers. 



Varieties. There are nearly 100 varieties which 

 are classed under this species ; but it is 

 very doubtful, whether many of them are not hybrids bet 



490 



