820 



ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. 



PART III. 



iv. Crus-galli. 



Sect. Char. Leaves without lobes, obovate-oblong or obovate-lanceolate, 

 more or less serrated, and of a dark shining green, with petioles margined 

 by the decurrence of the leaf. Fruit small, or middle-sized, round, dark 

 green till nearly ripe, and, when ripe, scarlet. Spines very long, and bent 

 like the spur of a cock. 



5 6. C. CRU'S-GA'LLI L. The Cock's-spur Thorn. 



Identification. Lin. Sp., p. 632.; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 626. ; Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept.,^1. p. 338. : Don's 



Mill., 2. p. 598. 

 Synonymes. Crate N gus liicida Wang. Am., t. 17. f. 42. ; C. cuneifblia Lodd. Cat. ; A/spilus Iflcida 



Ehrh. Beitr. ; M. Crfis-galli Pair. ; M. hyemalis Walt. ; M. cuneiftlia Mccnch ; Neflier Pied de 



Coc, Fr. ; glanzende Mispel, Ger. 

 Engravings. Wang. Am., 1. 17. f.42.; Dend. Brit, t. 56. ; fig. 574. in p. 856. ; and the plate of the 



species in our Second Volume. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Spines long. Leaves obovate-wedge-shaped, nearly sessile, 

 glossy, glabrous, falling off late. Stipules linear. Lobes of the calyx 

 lanceolate, and somewhat serrated. Styles 2. Fruit scarlet. (Dec. Prod., ii. 

 p. 626.) A native of North America, and common in woods and hedges, 

 and on the banks of rivers, from Canada to Carolina ; where it flowers in 

 April and May, and ripens its small scarlet fruit in September and October. 

 It was introduced into England in 1691 ; and has been more generally cul- 

 tivated than any other of the American species. It grows to the height of 

 15 ft. or 20 ft., and sometimes higher. In its native country, according to 

 Pursh, it is found in the three forms of C. C. splendens, C. C. />yracanthi- 

 folia, and C. C. salicifdlia ; to which, by cultivation, in Europe, several other 

 varieties have been added. In the south of England, in warm sheltered 

 situations, this species is subevergreen, retaining its leaves and fruit 

 throughout the winter. There is a splendid specimen of it, which assumes 

 this character, on the lawn in front of the mansion of Sketty Hall, near 

 Swansea, the seat of that well-known botanist, L. W. Dillwyn, Esq., M. P. 



Varieties. 



IE C. C. 2 splendens Dec. Prod., Ait. Hort. Kew., ii. p. 170., Pluk., t. 46. 

 f. 1. C. arbutifolia and C. splendens Lodd. Cat. (fig. 575. in p. 856.) 

 Leaves obovate-wedge-shaped, and shining; and, being produced 

 in abundance, the plant has a splendid appearance. 



C. C. 3 pyracantkifblia Dec. Prod., Ait. Hort. Kew., ii. p. 170. C. 

 jt?yracanthif61ia Lodd. Cat. ; Mespilus lucida Dum. Cours. Bot. Cult., 

 ed. 2. v. p. 448. (fig. 580. in p. 856.; and the plate in our Second 

 Volume.) Leaves oblong, with the 

 upper part lanceolate; the lower 

 part tending to wedge-shaped. 

 This, even when only 3 or 4 years 

 grafted, forms a singular little old- 

 looking tree, spreading like a 

 miniature cedar of Lebanon. 



C. C. 4 salicifblia Dec. Prod., Ait. *^SLH 551 



Hort. Kew., ii. p. 170. C. salici- 

 folia, (fig. 578. in p. 856., and the 

 plate in our Second Volume.) 

 Leaves oblong, with the upper 

 part lanceolate ; the lower part tending to wedge-shaped. This 

 forms a low flat-headed tree, like the preceding variety, as shown 

 in fig. 551. ; which is a portrait of a ^^ 552 



plant in Messrs. Loddiges's arbo- 

 retum, that, in 1835, after being five 

 years grafted at a foot from the 

 ground, was not quite 5ft. high. 

 There were, at the same time, se- 

 veral other miniature trees of this 



