830 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 



made of hawthorn ; belng used Instead of fences of cut spray of trees. Whitethorn, from the 

 profusion of its white flowers and its being thorny. May, and Maybush, have reference both to the 

 time of flowering of the plant, and to its use in the May, or floral, games. The French name, 

 Aubepine, refers to its flowering in spring, or in what may poetically be called the morning of the 

 year ; aube signifying the dawn of the day. 



Spec. Char.,$c. Leaves obovate- wedge-shaped, almost entire or trifid, or cut, 

 glabrous, rather glossv. Corymbs of several flowers. Sepals glandless, 

 acute. Styles 1 3. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 628.) Common in the hedges of 

 Europe, and varying much in different situations. 



Varieties. These are very numerous, and some of them very distinct. The 

 reason why they are more numerous in this species than in most others is, 

 that the plant, for the last half century and upwards, has been very exten- 

 sively raised from seed, for making hedges ; and curious nurserymen, 

 when they have observed any plants indicating a striking peculiarity of 

 foliage, or mode of growth, in their seed-beds, have marked them, kept them 

 apart, and propagated them by budding or grafting. Another reason is, the 

 many thousands of plants now growing in the hedges of this country, among 

 which may be observed almost every variety of the species now in cultiva- 

 tion in gardens. In the environs of London, we have observed the scarlet- 

 flowered variety repeatedly in hedges, and also varieties 'with variegated 

 leaves, with woolly fruit, with yellow fruit, and with pendulous shoots. 

 As to varieties in the leaves, they are endless ; and the same may be said 

 of the size, and of hardness, or fleshiness, of the fruit. In the following 

 enumeration we have confined ourselves to plants which we have actually 

 seen in the Horticultural Society's Garden, or in the arboretum of Messrs. 

 Loddiges. 



2 C. O. 2 obtusata Dec. Prod, and Don's Mill. Mespilus Oxyacantha 

 integrifolia* Wattr. Sched., 219.; C. oxyacanthdides Thititt. Fl. Par., 

 245., Lindl. Sot. Reg., t. 1 128., Dec. Fl. Fr., iv. p. 433. ; C. Oxyacan- 

 tha Fl. Dan., t. 335. ; the French hawthorn, (fig. 601 . in p. 864., and 

 the plate in our Second Volume.) Leaves rather rhomb-shaped at 

 the base, obovate, undivided, or with three obtuse lobes, crenate, of 

 the same colour on both surfaces. Styles 1 3. A small tree, re- 

 sembling, in general appearance, the common hawthorn, but distin- 

 guished from it by its smaller, obovate, less cut, flat, and shining 

 leaves. C. lucida Smith of Ayr, C. oxyacanthdides lucida Sweet, is 

 scarcely or not at all different from this variety. 

 C. O. 3 sibirica, C. sibirica Lodd. Cat., C. monogyna L. t 

 (fig. 555.) is an early leafing variety, a native of Siberia. 

 In mild seasons, it begins to .put forth its leaves in 

 January ; and, in dry summers, it 

 loses them proportionately soon 

 in the autumn. On account of 

 its early leafing and flowering, it 

 well merits a place in collections. 

 The flowers have only one style ; 

 but, as there are other varieties 

 having only one style which do 



not flower early, we have not T" ^JU^ 555 



adopted Linnaeus's name of C. 

 mondgyna. 



C. O. 4 transylvdnica Hort., from the plant in the Horticultural 

 Society's Garden, appears to be nearly, if not quite, the same as C. 

 O. sibirica. 



C. O. 5 quercifolia Booth (fig. 608. in p. 866.) appears very distinct 

 in regard to foliage ; but there are only small plants of it in two or 

 three places in the neighbourhood of London, all of which have 

 been introduced lately from Mr. Booth of Hamburgh. 

 * C. O. 6 lacinidta, C. lacmiata Lodd. Cat., (fig. 603. in p. 865., and the 

 plate in our Second Volume) has finely cut leaves ; the shoots are 



