1208 



ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. 



PART III. 



1031 



described in Don's Miller, on the authority of Don Roxas Clemente 

 y Rubio's edition of Herrera's Agricultura ; and 32 in the Nouveau 

 Du Hamel. All these subvarieties deserve trial in new colonies, 

 where it is desired to introduce the culture of the olive; but, for those 

 who cannot procure the whole of them, we give the following 

 selection from Michaux's N. Amer. Syl., p. 192., as comprising those most 

 esteemed in France : 



1. Olivier pleureur (0*lea craniom6rpha N. Du Ham., v. p. 75. No. 

 14.) is one of the largest and finest trees. Its branches are numerous, 

 and pendent, like those of the weeping willow. Its fruit is good for the 

 table, and yields a pure and abundant oil This tree should be placed 

 in valleys rather than on elevated grounds, as it has more to apprehend 

 from drought than from cold. There are individuals of this kind, in 

 Languedoc, that have three times survived the general destruction of 

 the common olives by frost. 



2. Olivier a Fruit arrondi (0'lea sphae'rica .N. Du Ham., v. p. 78. No. 

 26.) is also among the kinds least sensible to cold. It requires moisture, 

 a good soil, and abundant manure. Its oil is of a superior quality. 



3. Olivier de Lucques (O'lea mmor lucnsis N. Du Ham., v. p. 72. No. 

 9.) is hardy, and yields a fruit proper for preserving. 



4. and 5. Olivier & petit Fruit rond, N. Du Ham., v. p. 72. No. 2. ; and 

 Olivier de Salon, N. Du Ham., v. p. 76. No. 19. ; are good for oil, and 

 prefer dry and elevated grounds. 



6. Olivier amygdalin (O'lea amygdalina N. Du Ham., v. p. 78. No. 25.) 

 is much esteemed about Montpelier for its fine and abundant oil. 



7. Olive Picholine (Pignola, Ital. ; OMea oblonga N. Du Ham., v. p. 74. 



No. 12.) yields the kind of olives most celebrated for pickling. This variety is not delicate in 



the choice of soil and climate. 



O. exclsa Ait. is a native of Madeira, whence it was 

 introduced in 1784. It has stood out in Ireland, for several 

 years, without any protection whatever, in the nursery of 

 Mr. Robertson of Kilkenny, who thinks it will ultimately 

 prove a valuable addition to our hardy evergreens. (See 

 Gard. Mag., vol. iii. p. 106.) In July, 1836, this tree 

 measured 30 ft. in height, and the head 7 ft. in diameter. 

 A second tree of the same species, Mr. Robertson informs 

 us, has stood out equally well in an exposed situation ; 

 and neither has ever received any protection whatever. 



O. americcina L., Michx. Arb. Amer., 3. t. 6., and our 

 fig. 1034., the devil-wood of the Americans, is a tree, a 

 native of the southern states, as far north as Norfolk, in 

 Virginia. It is sometimes found as high as 30 ft. or 35 ft ; 

 but its ordinary height is 10ft or 12ft. The leaves are 

 4 in. or 5 in. long, of a shining light green ; and they re- 

 main on two or three years. The fertile and barren 

 flowers, Michaux states, are on separate trees ; though, 

 according to Linnaeus (Man/.), there are male and female 

 flowers on the same plant with hermaphrodites. The 

 flowers are very small, of a pale yellow, and strongly 

 scented ; appearing about the end of April. The fruit is 

 round, about twice the size of the common pea ; and, 

 when ripe, of a purple colour, approaching to blue. It 

 ripens in October, and remains attached to the tree during a great part of the winter, forming a fine 

 contrast to the foliage. This plant is considerably hardier than the common olive ; and, in the 

 climate of London, would probably stand the open air, in a sheltered situation, 

 as a standard. There is a very handsome -flourish ing plant against the wall, 

 in the arboretum of Messrs. Loddiges, which receives no protection whatever. 



O. fragrans Thunb., Bot. Mag., 1. 1552., Bot Cab., 1 1786., and our fig. \035.f 

 is a native of Japan and China, where it is much cultivated for the sake o, 

 its sweet-scented flowers ; which, it is said, are used for giving flavour to tea. 

 The plant, though not very hardy, would probably stand against a conservative 

 wall, with a little protection. The scent of this plant, Messrs. Loddiges 

 observe, " is astonishing ; and so diffbsive, that we distinctly noticed it, when 

 in bloom, on the back wall of our green-house, at considerably more than 

 100 yards' distance" (Bot. Cab., 1. 1786.) &Slk 103 i 



O. captmis L. ; 0. ftuxitblia Mill., Hort. Elth., 1. 1. 160. f. 194., Bot. Reg., 

 t. 613. ; has coriaceous, oblong, dense, and rigid leaves. It is a native of the 

 Cape of Good Hope, where it forms a tall tree ; and, if grafted on the 

 common privet, would doubtless stand against a conservative wall, with a 

 little protection. 



Sect. II. SYRI'NGEJE. 

 GENUS IV. 



SYRI'NGA L. THE LILAC. Lin. Syst. Diandria Monogynia. 



Identification. Lin. Gen., No. 22. ; Gaertn. Fruct, 1. 1. 49. ; Lindl. Nat Syst. Bot, ed. 2., p. 308. ; 



Don's Mill., 4. p. 51. 

 Synonymes. L\lac Toum. Inst, t 372., Juss. Gen., p. 105. ; Lilai, Fr. ; Flieder, Ger. 



