1266 



ARBORETUM AND FRUT1CETUM. 



PART 111. 



CHAP. LXXXIV. 



OF THE HARDY LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF THE ORDER SOLANA^CEJE. 



THE few ligneous or suffruticose hardy plants contained in this order are 

 included in the genera tfolanum, Lycium, and Crabowskirt, which are thus 

 characterised : 



UM Pliny. Calyx 5-cleft, rarely 4-cleft. Corolla rotate, rarely campanu- 



late, usually 5-cleft. Anthers connivent, dehiscing by pores at the apex. 



Berry 2-celled, rarely 4-celled. (Don's Mill., iv. p. 398.) 

 Z/Y'CIUM L. Calyx 5-toothed, or 3 5-lobed. Corolla funnel-shaped or tu- 



bular. Anthers usually exserted, and not connivent, opening lengthwise. 



Berry 2-celled. (Dons Mill., iv. p. 398.) 

 CRABO'WSKIJ Schlecht. Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla funnel-shaped. Limb 



convolute in aestivation, reflexed. Drupe containing two, 2-celled, bony 



carpels. Cells 1 -seeded. (Don's Mill.,\v. p. 400.) 



GENUS I. 



SOLA'NUM Pliny. THE NIGHTSHADE. Lin. Syst. Pentandria Monogyraft. 



Identification. Tourn. Inst, p. 149. t. 62. ; Lin. Gen., No. 251. ; Schreb. Gen., No. 337. ; Juss. Gen., 

 126., ed. Usteri, p. 141. ; _Mcench Meth ; , p. 473. ; R. Br. Prod., 444. ; Dunal Mon. Sol., 115. ; 



Lindl. Nat. Syst. Bot., p. 295. ; Don's M 

 Synonymes. Melongi-na Tourn. Inst., p. 151. t. 65. ; Pseudo-Capsicum Mccnch Mcth., p. 476. 



. p. 400. 



Nycterium Vent. Jard. Malm., p. 85. ; "Aquartio Jacq. Araer., p."l5. 1. 12. ; Morelle, Fr. ; Nacht- 

 schatten, Ger. 



Derivation, The first use of the word Solanum occurs in the writings of Tragus, who applied it to 

 Chenopodium hybridum. It is said to be derived from solarf, to console. The Greeks called our 

 European solanums struchnoi, a name which Linnaeus transferred to the genus of tropical shrubs, 

 Strychnus, to which the nux vomica belongs. (Bot. Reg., t. 1516.) 



Gen. Char., $c. Caly permanent, 5-, rarely 4-, cleft. Corolla rotate, rarely 

 campanulate, 5-, rarely 4-, cleft. Anthers oblong, connivent, opening by 2 

 pores at the apex. Berry almost globose, 2 3 4-celled, but usually 

 2-celled. (Don's Mill., iv. p. 400.) Herbs or shrubs, unarmed or prickly, 

 rarely spiny. Leaves undivided, sinuated, lobed, impari-pinnate, or decom- 

 pound, usually alternate ; but, in many species, twin, rarely ternary. Pedun- 

 cles solitary or numerous, simple or multifid, axillary or extra-axillary, 1- or 

 many-flowered, opposite the leaves, or scattered, or terminal. The pedicels 

 in S. tuberosum are articulated under the flower. The fruit of S. esculen- 

 tum is large and 5-celled. In some species, the flowers are sometimes 

 6_9-cleft. 



1 1. S. Dl)LCAMA X RA L. 



Identification. Lin. Sp., p. 264. ; Don's Mill 



Eng. Fl., 1. p. 317.; Lodd. Cat, ed. 1836. 

 Synonynies. S. sc&ndens, Neck. Gallo-Bel., 119. ; Dulcamara flex- 



uosa Mcench Mcth. ; p. 514. ; S. scandens seu Dulcamara Tourn. 



Inst. , p. 149.; Amkra dulcis Gerard Emac., 350. ; Dulcis am&ra 



Trag., 816. ; Glycypicroa seu Dulcamara Bauh. Hist., 2. p. 109. 



icon. ; la Morelle grimpante, Regnault Bot. Icon. 

 Engravings. Engl. Bot, t 565. ; Baxt. Brit Fl. PI., vol. 2. 1. 110. ; 4- 



Curt Fl. Lond., 1. 1.14. ; Fl. Dan., t.607.; Woodv. Med. Bot, . 



97. t 33. ; Stev. et Church. Med. Bot Icon. ; and our fig. 1104. 



Spec. Char., $c. Shrubby, scandent, flexuous. 

 Leaves ovate-cordate ; superior ones hastate. 

 Corymbs almost opposite the leaves. Shrub 

 glabrous. Leaves cordate; superior ones has- 

 tate, all quite entire. Corymbs panicled. Co- 

 rolla violet-coloured, with reflexed segments, 

 each segment furnished with 2 green spots at the 

 base. Berries elliptic, red. (Don's Mill., iv. 



The Bitter-sweet, or woody Nightshade. 



4. p. 409.; Smith's 



1104 



