1386 



ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUAI. 



PART III. 



elms planted there, by eating the parenchyma, and leaving the skeleton of the 

 leaves dry and brown, that, at first sight, he supposed they had all been 

 blighted by some neighbouring manufactory of acid. These larvae are blackish, 

 and exhale, when crushed, a most disagreeable smell. They coil up the 

 moment they are touched, and let themselves fall to the ground. The perfect 

 insect is extremely sluggish in its movements, counterfeiting death, in cases of 

 danger, rather than unfolding its wings to fly away. (See Diet. Classique 

 d'Hist. AW., art. Galeruque.) It conceals itself in the interstices of the bark, 

 under stones, and between the bricks of walls ; and will produce, sometimes, 

 three generations in the course of one summer. The third is a species of Cos- 

 sus (C'ossus Ligniperda Fab.), or Goat Moth (fig. 1^33.), which has destroyed 



innumerable trees, particularly in the neighbourhood of Paris. The larva 

 (Jig. 1233. a) is about 3 in. long, with its body sprinkled with slender hairs ; 

 it is of a reddish brown on the back, becoming yellow beneath, with eight 

 breathing-holes on the sides, and a black head. It exhales a most disagreeable 

 odour, which is produced by an oily and very acrid liquor, which it discharges 

 from its mouth ; and the use of which is supposed to be to soften the wood be- 

 fore it devours it. This liquor has a strong scent,like that of a goat, whence the 

 English name of the insect is derived. The pupa (c) is brown, the abdominal 



