1398 ARBORETUM AND FKUT1CETUM. PART 111. 



6. U. MONTA\NA Bank. The mountain, Scotch, or Wych, Elm. 



Identification Bauh Pin., 427. ; With. Bot.,279. ; Sm. Engl.Bot., t. 1827. ; Engl. Fl., 2. p. 22.; Hook. 

 Brit. Fl., p. 142.; Lindl. Synop., p. 227. ; Mackay's Fl. Hibern. PL, 1. p. 241.; Lodd. Cat, ed. 



Sunoninna U glabra Huds., ed. 1., 95. ; U. eff Cisa Sibth., 87., Abbot, 55. ; U. scabra Mill. Diet., No. 2. ; 



U. nMaEhrh. ; U. camp^stre Willd. Sp. PI., p. 1324., Fl. Dan., t. 632., Huds., 109., Lig/itfoot, 



1094 WychtHazel of old authors. 

 Engravings. Engl. Bot., t. 1887. ; Fl. Dan., t. 632. ; and the plates of some of the varieties in our 



last Vofuine. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Leaves pointed, rough, broad, and doubly serrated. Flowers 

 on longish peduncles loosely tufted, 5 6-cleft. Samara somewhat orbicular, 

 slightly cloven, naked. Branches drooping at their extremities ; their bark 

 sm & ooth and even. (Smith, adapted.) A tree, a native of Britain, and of 

 various parts of Europe ; flowering in April and May, and ripening its seeds 

 in June. 



Varieties. The varieties of the Scotch elm are extremely distinct, and very 

 handsome trees, some well worth cultivating in a useful, and others in an 

 ornamental, point of view. 



A. Timber Trees. 



U. m. 1 vulgaris. Tree spreading ; seldom exceeding 40 ft. or 50 ft. in 



height, except when drawn up by other trees. 



U. m. 2 rugosa Masters, U. rugosa Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Bark reddish 

 brown, cracking into short regular pieces, very like that of A^cer 

 campestre. Tree of spreading growth, and moderate size. A tree 

 with this name attached to it, in the London Horticultural Society's 

 Garden, has much smaller and rougher leaves than the species, and 

 they are of a deeper green. The tree is of upright growth, and is, 

 probably, not identical with the U. in. rugosa of Mr. Masters. 

 1 U. m. 3 major Masters. The tree is of upright and rapid growth, with 

 few branches ; and, in some stages, approaching the habit of the 

 common Scotch elm, but of a more tapering form. The leaves fall 

 almost a month sooner than those of the following sort. There is a 

 very handsome tree of this variety in the Horticultural Society's 

 Garden, which we have figured in our last Volume, and which we 

 have no doubt is identical with the kind described by Mr. Masters. 

 It loses its leaves, in the Horticultural Society's Garden, before 

 any other species or variety. 



If U. in. 4 minor Masters, as compared with U. m. major, is of a more 

 branching and spreading habit, of lower growth, with more twiggy 

 shoots ; and these are more densely clothed with leaves, which are 

 retained long in the autumn. 



3f U. m. 5 cebennensis Hort. The Cevennes Elm. There is a tree of this 

 variety in the Horticultural Society's Garden, which, in 1834, was 

 12 ft. high, after being 10 years planted. Its habit is spreading, like 

 that of U. m. vulgaris ; but it appears of much less vigorous growth. 

 t U. m. 6 ntgra, U. nigra Lodd. Cat., the black Irish Elm, is a spreading 

 tree, with the habit of U. montana vulgaris, but with much smaller 

 leaves. It is by some considered as a variety of U. campestris ; but, 

 as it ripens seeds in Ireland, we are inclined _to think it belongs to 

 what may be called the seed-bearing section of the genus, and, con- 

 sequently, to U. montana. 



t U. m. 7 austrdlis Hort. The tree of this variety in the Horticultural 

 Society's Garden has rather smaller leaves, and a more pendulous 

 habit of growth, than the species ; but it does not appear to be dif- 

 ferent in any other respect. 



B. Ornamental or curious Varieties. 



i U. m. 8 pendula ; U. pendula Lodd. Cat., ed. 1 836 ; U. glabra decum- 

 bens Hort. Dur. j U. horizontalis Hort. ; U. riibra in the Horticultural 

 Society's Garden; and the plate of this tree in our last Volume. 



