i-HAI'. CII. .7UGLANDA N CK#:. ,71/GLANS. 1423 



i. Simple Aments. (Iroii'lfi rap'ul. 1. Juglans regia L. 2. J. nigra L. 

 3. J. cathartica Mic/i.r., syn. J. cinerea L. The order of the flowering of 

 these species in England is, first ,7. regia, then J. cinerea, in a few days 

 after which the catkins of .7. nigra expand. The order of fruiting is differ- 

 ent ; for, while the fruit of the common walnut begins to drop in the first or 

 second week in September, that of the black walnut does not fall till the end 

 of the same month, and that of the grey walnut, not till the beginning of 

 October. (Mart. Mill.) To this section may be added Pterocarya, a genus 

 recently separated from ./liglans. 



ii. Compound Aments, each Peduncle bearing three. Growth slow. 1. ./li- 

 glans olivaeformis Michx. (syn. Carya olivaeformis Nutt.) 2. J. aman 





formis Nutt.) 



t 1. J. RE^GIA L. The royal, or common, Walnut Tree. 



Identification. Lin. Hort. Cliff., p. 449. ; Mill. Diet, No. 1. and Ic. ; Du Roi Karbk., p. 323. ; 



Wilid. Arb., 153. ; Willd. Sp. PI., 4. p. 455. ; Michx. N. Amer. Sylva, 1. p. 143. 

 Synont/mes. Nux Juglans Dod. Pempt., 81b'. ; Nux Juglans, seu regia vulg&ris, liauh. Pin., 417. ; 



Noy'er commun, Fr. : Noseguier Provence; gemeine Walnuss, Ger. 

 Engravings. Mill. Ic. ; Lam. 111., 781.; Ludw. Ect., t. 188.; Blackw., t. 247.; Knorr Del., 1. 



t?N. 7. ; T. Nees ab Esenbeck Gen. PI. Fl. Germ., fasc. 3. f. 52. ; Michx. N. Amer. Sylva, t. 29. ; 



our fig. 1257. ; and the plates of this tree in our last Volume. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Leaflets in a leaf, 5 9 ; oval, glabrous, obscurely serrated. 

 Fruit oval, situated upon a short inflexible peduncle. Nut rather oval, 

 rather even. A native of Persia, in the extensive province of Ghilan, on 

 the Caspian Sea, between 35 and 40 of latitude. In cultivation in 

 England since 1562, and probably long before; flowering in April and May, 

 and ripening its fruit in September. 



Varieties. 



*t J. r. 2 maxima; Nux Juglans fructu maximo Bauh. Pin., 417., N. 

 Du Ham., iv. p. 173.; Noix de Jauge Bon Jard., ed. 1836, p. 473. r 

 Nois. Jardin Fruitier, t. 16.; Bannut, Warwickshire. This variety 

 has the fruit double the size of that of the species, being sometimes 

 nearly as large as a turkey's egg ; but, in drying, the kernel shrinks 

 to one half its size; -and, hence, the fruit of this variety is not good 

 for keeping, but ought to be eaten directly after being gathered. 

 The leaves are large, and the tree has a magnificent appearance ; 

 but its timber is not nearly so durable as that of the common 

 walnut. 



J. r 3 tenera; Nux ./uglans fructu tenero et fragile putamine Bauh. 

 Pin., 417., N. Du Ham., iv. p. 173.; Noyer a Coque tendre, Noyer 

 Mesange Bon Jardinier, 1. c., Noyer de Mars in Dauphine. The thin- 

 shelled, or Titmouse, Walnut. (See Hort. Trans., vol. iv. p. 517. ; and 

 E. ofGard., ed. 1834, p. 942.) The latter name is given to this kind 

 of walnut, because its shell is so tender, that the birds of the titmouse 

 family (mesange, Fr.) (Parus major L.,fig. 1256. a ; P. caeruleus L., 

 fig. 1256. b; and also P. ater and P. palustris L.) pierce it with their 

 bills, and eat the kernel, leaving the remaining part of the fruit on the 

 tree. (See Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vii. p. 147.) This variety has the 

 most delicate fruit of all the walnuts : it keeps longer, and produces 

 more oil ; but it is not so good a bearer as the other sorts. M. Trat- 

 tinik, a German botanist, states, in the Nouveau Du Hamel, that he 

 has seen a tree of the ./uglans regia which only produced female 

 catkins, and never male ones ; and that it bore every year a great 

 quantity of fruit with a tender shell. It is known that the shells 

 of walnuts are much more tender in some years than in others ; and, 

 also, that the shells often vary in their degrees of hardness on the 

 same tree, in the same year ; and, very likely, this may depend on 

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