1652 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III 



ing more from P. tre'mula than either of the last three sorts described, 

 still we are very much inclined to think that it is a variety of that species ; 

 though we do not feel sufficiently sure to venture to indicate this even in 

 parentheses. The trees in the Horticultural Society's Garden were, in 1834-, 

 from 25ft. to 30ft. high, after being ten years planted. The P. graeVa 

 is very subject to the attacks of the poplar hawk moth (Smerinthus populi), 

 the puss moth (Cerura vinula), and sometimes to that of other less common 

 Phalae N nidae. (See Mng. Nat. Hist., vol. v. p. 48.) Price of plants, in the 

 London nurseries, Is. each; and at Bollwyller, 1 franc. 



Statistics. In England, in Surrey, at Bagshot Park, 16 years planted, it is 3~> ft. high ; In Durham, 

 at Southend, 12 years planted, it is 35ft. high ; in Monmouthshire, at Woodfield, 10 years planted, 

 it is 35 ft. high ; in Rutlandshire, at Belvoir Castle, 18 years plan ted. it is 30 ft. high, the diameter of 

 the trunk 8 in., and of the head 24ft. ; in Suffolk, in the Bury Botanic Garden, 12 years planted, 

 it is 30 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 9 in., and of the head 16 ft.; in Worcestershire, at Croome, 

 40 years planted, it is 60ft. high. In Scotland, in Perthshire, in Messrs. Dickson and Turnbull's 

 Nursery, Perth, 15 years planted, it is 20 ft. high. In Ireland, near Dublin, in the Glasnevin Botanic 

 Garden", 20 years planted, it is 30 ft.-high. In Saxony, at Worlitz, 30 years old, it is 30 ft. high, the 

 diameter of the trunk 1 ft. In Prussia, at Berlin, in the Botanic Garden,10 years planted, it 

 is 20 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 6 in., and of the head 4 ft. 



5 7. P. NI\JRA L. The black- barked, or common black, Poplar. 



Identification. Lin. Sp. PI., 1464. ; Pall. Fl. Ross., 1. p. 66. ; Willd. Arb., 229. ; Sp. PI., 4. p. 804. ; 

 Spreng. Syst. Veg., 2. p. 244. ; Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2.,5. p. 396. ; Du lloi Harbk., 2. p. 139. ; Rail 

 Syn,, 446.; Mill. Diet, No. 3. ; Smith Eng. Bot., t. 1910. ; Eng. Fl., 4. p. 245. : Hook. Fl. Scot, 

 289.: Mackay Fl. Hibern., pt. 1. p. 251. 



Synonijmcs. P., No. 1632., Hall. Hist., 2. p. 302.; P. alba Trag. Hist., 1080. fig.; P. vimfnea Du 

 Ham. Arb.; Aigeiros, Greek ; Kabaki, Modern Greek ; the old English Poplar, Suffolk ; the Willow 

 Poplar, Cambridgeshire; Water Poplar; the female of P. nlgra is called the Cotton Tree at 

 Bury StJDdmunds ; Peuplier noir, Peuplier Hard, Osier blanc, Fr. ; schwarze Pappel, Ger. 



The Sexes. Both are described in the Eng. Flora. Numerous male plants of P. nlgra grow on the 

 east confines of Bury St. Edmunds, beside the river Lark, of which that figured in Strutt's Sylva 

 (our Jig. 1514.) is one. In the male, Smith states that the stamens are " eight, rarely more with 

 xis, though Liniia-us and Leers describe 16." A female plant of P. nlgra stood, in 1829, on Hardwicke 

 Heath, near Bury St. Edmunds, beside the pond; and it is said another female plant grows upon 

 the same estate. 



Engravings. Eng. Bot, t. 1910. ; Ger. Em., I486., fig. ; and others, quoted in Eng. Flora ; T. Nees 

 ab Esenbeck Gen. PI. Fl. Germ. ; our Jig. 1513.; and the plate of this species in our last Volume. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Petiole somewhat compressed. Disk of leaf deltoid, pointed, 

 serrated with glanded teeth, glabrous on both surfaces. Catkins lax, 

 cylindrical. Stigmas 4, simple, spreading. (Smith and Sprengef.) A tree, 

 from 50 ft. to 80 ft. high ; a native of Europe, from Sweden to Italy, on 

 the banks of rivers, and in moist woods ; and found, also, in the north 

 of Africa ; flowering in Britain in March and April. 



Varieties. 



t P.n.2 viridis Lindl.; P. viridis, Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836; has the leaves 

 of a brighter green than the species. It was brought into notice 

 by a nurseryman of the name of Nurse, of Bealings, near Woodbridge, 

 in Suffolk, about 1816, or before. There is a plant in the London 

 Horticultural Society's Garden, and one in the Botanic Garden of 

 Bury St. Edmunds, and it is propagated in several nurseries. 

 *t P. n. 3 salicifolia; P. salicifolia Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836 ; has long narrow 

 leaves, not unlike those of Salix viminalis. Introduced from the 

 Floetbeck Nursery in 1834. 



Description. A tree of the largest size, with an ample head, composed'of nu- 

 merous branches and terminal shoots. The bark is ash-coloured, and becomes 

 rough and deeply furrowed with age. The roots, though they run along the 

 surface, go deeper into the soil than those of either P. alba or P. tremula, 

 and do not produce suckers, though the contrary is affirmed by Miller. The 

 branches are whitish ; and the branchlets are rarely hairy, but are more robust 

 than those of P. monilifera, which are glabrous. The leaves are slightly 

 notched on their edges, of a pale light green ; and the petioles are yellowish. 

 The leaves are protruded about the middle of May, much later than those of P. 

 fastigiata, P. alba, or P. (a.) canescens ; and, when they are first expanded, 

 ' their colour appears a mixture of red and yellow. The catkins are shorter 

 than those of P. tremula or P. alba ; they appear before the leaves, in March 

 and April ; those of the males are of a dark red, and, being produced in 



