1660 ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 



of the trunk ,1ft, and of the head 57 ft. ; in Monmouthshire, at Dowlais House, 10 years planted, 

 it is 20ft. high; in Worcestershire, at Croome, 25 years planted, is 90 It. high, the diameter of 

 the trunk 20 in., and of the head 20 ft. In Scotland, in the Experimental Garden, Inverleith, 9 years 

 planted, it is 23 ft. high ; in Berwickshire, at the Hirsel, 13 years planted, it is 44 ft. high ; in Lanark- 

 shire, in the Glasgow Botanic Garden, 16 years planted, it is 60 ft. high ; in Roxburghshire, 

 near Hawick, one tree, 59 years planted, has a clear trunk of 55 ft, which girts 6 ft. 2 in., and con. 

 tains 130 ft. of timber ; another tree, 63 years planted, has a clear trunk of 55 ft., with a main 

 girt of 6ft. 11 in., and contains 164ft of timber; in Argyllshire, at Toward Castle, 15 years 

 planted, it is 36 ft. high ; in Clackmannanshire, in the garden of the Dollar Institution, 12 years 

 planted, it is 40ft high; in Perthshire, in Dickson and Turnbull's Nursery, 65 years planted, 

 it is 73 ft high, diameter of the trunk 2ft., and of the head 42 ft. In Ireland, in the Glasnevin 

 Botanic Garden, 5 years planted, it is 16 ft. high. In Austria, at Vienna, in Rosenthal's Nursery, 

 16 years old, it is 33ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft., and of the head 27 ft. In Bavaria, 

 at Munich, in the English Garden, 30 years planted, it is 50 it. high, the diameter of the trunk 

 20 in., and of the head 15 ft. 



$ II. P. FASTIGIA V TA. The fastigiate, or Lombardy, Poplar. 



Identification. Desf. Hist. Arb., t. 2. p. 465. 



Synonymes. P. dilatata Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 1., 3. p. 406., ed. 2., 5. p. 396., Willd. Arb., 229., Sp. 

 PI., 4. p. 804., Spreng. Syst. Veg., 2. p. 244. ; P. nlgra italica Du Rot llarbk., 2. p. 141. ; P. it&lica 

 Mcench Weissenst, 79. ; P. italica dilatkta Willd. ; P. pyramidata Hort. ; P. pannonica Jacq. ; 

 P. italica var. carolinensis Burgsdorf; Cypress Poplar, Turin Poplar, Po Poplar; Peuplier d'ltalie, 

 Peuplier pyramidal, Fr. ; Lombardische Pappel, Italianische Pappel, Ger. ; Pioppo Cypresso, Ital. 



The Sexes. Plants of the male are plentiful in England. The female is known to be extant in Lom- 

 bardy, whence we have received dried specimens and seeds in November, 1836. (See Card. Mag., 

 vol. xii.) M. C. A. Fischer, inspector of the University Botanic Garden, Gottingen, found, in 

 1827, a single plant of the female, after having many years before sought fruitlessly for it, among 

 many thousands of plants around Gottingen. (See Card. Mag., vol. vi. p. 419, 420.) 



Engravings. Jaume St. Hilaire ; our Jigs. 1519, 1520. ; and the plates in our last Volume. In 

 fig. 1520., a represents the female catkins with the blossoms expanded ; b, the female catkins with 

 seeds ripe ; c, a portion of the female catkin of the natural size ; d, a single flower of the natural 

 size ; and e, a single Sower magnified. 



Spec. Char., S/-c. A very distinct kind, having the form of the cypress tree, 

 from its branches being gathered together about the stem. (Willd.) Petiole 

 compressed. Disk of leaf deltoid, wider than long, crenulated in the whole 

 of the edge, even the base ; glabrous upon both surfaces. (Ait. Hort. Kew., 

 and Spreng.) Leaves in the bud involutely folded. A tree, growing to 

 the height of from 100ft. to 1 20 ft., and sometimes to 150 ft. Introduced 

 from Italy into Britain about 1758, and flowering in March and April. 

 ( Ait. Hort. Kew.) 



Description, $c. The Lombardy poplar is readily distinguished from all 

 other trees of this genus by its tall narrow form, and by the total absence of 

 horizontal branches. The trunk is twisted, and deeply furrowed ; and the 

 wood, which is small in quantity in proportion to the ^ 151.9 



height of the tree, is of little worth or duration, being 

 seldom of such dimensions as to admit of its being sawn 

 up into boards of a useful width. The leaves are very 

 similar to those of P. nigra, and the female catkins to 

 those of P. monilifera ; the male catkins resemble those 

 of P. nigra, and have red anthers, but jare considerably 

 more slender. One difference between P. fastigiata and 

 P. nigra is, that the former produces suckers, though not 

 in any great abundance ; while the latter rarely produces 

 any. P. fastigiata, also, in the climate of London, pro- 

 trudes its leaves eight or ten days sooner than P. nigra. 

 The male catkins of P. fastigiata, wetted and laid upon 

 paper, stain it of a deep green. The rate of growth of 

 P. fastigiata, when planted in a loamy soil, near water, 

 is very rapid. In the village of Great Tew, in Oxford- 

 shire, a tree, planted by a man who, in 1835, was still 

 living in a cottage near it, was 125 ft. high, having been 

 planted about 50 years. The Lombardy poplar is but of 

 short duration ; for, though a tree from one of the original 

 cuttings brought home by Lord Rochford still exists in a vigorous state at 

 Purser's Cross, yet the trees at Blenheim, and other places, planted about 

 the same time, or a few years afterwards, are in a state of decay. 



Geography y History, fyc. The Lombardy poplar is considered, by Signor 

 Manetti and others, as wild in Italy, particularly in Lombardy, on the banks 

 of the Po ; because it has been observed that, when that river overflows its 



