ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETUM. PART III. 



Libani, the inhabitant of a very different climate, should thrive here so well 

 as without pot or green-house, to be able to propagate itself by layers this 

 spring. Seeds sown last autumn have, as yet, thriven very well, and are likely 

 to hold out. The main artifice I used to them has been to keep them from 

 the winds, which seem to give great additional force to the cold in destroying 

 tender plants." (Ray's Letters, &c., p. 176.) 



The cedars at Chelsea, as before observed, and several of those at Chiswick, 

 in the grounds of the villa of the Duke of Devonshire, still exist, and these 

 may, as they generally are, be considered the oldest yet standing in Britain. 

 Evelyn had, doubtless, planted some cedars about the same time at Sayes 

 Court ; because in his letter to the Royal Society, detailing the effect of the 

 previous severe winter, dated Sayes Court, Deptford, April 16. 1684, he says, 

 " As for exotics, my cedars, I think, are dead." (Misc. Writings, &c., p. 693.) 



Whoever introduced the cedar, one of the greatest planters of it, in Miller's 

 time, was the Duke of Richmond, who, as Collinson informs us, introduced 

 many hundred plants in his park at Goodwood. Peter Collinson left the fol- 

 lowing MS. memorandum on this subject, in his copy of Miller's Dictionary. 

 " I paid John Clarke, (a butcher at Barnes, who was very successful in raising 

 cedars and other exotics,) for 1000 cedars of Lebanon, June 8th, 1761, 

 797. 6s. in behalf of the Duke of Richmond. These 1000 cedars were planted 

 at five years old, in my 67th year, in March and April, 1761. In September, 

 1761, I was at Goodwood, and saw these cedars in a thriving state. This 

 day, October 20th, 1762, I paid Mr. Clark, for another large portion of 

 cedars, for the Duke of Richmond. The duke's father was a great planter, 

 but the young duke much exceeds him ; for he intends to clothe all the lofty 

 naked hills above him with evergreen woods. Great portions are already 

 planted, and he annually raises for that purpose infinite numbers of pines, 

 firs, and cedars." (MS. notes, communicated by Mr. Lambert to the 

 Linn. Soc. Trans., vol. x. p. 275.) Of the cedars at Goodwood, the present 

 Duke of Richmond informed us, in 1837, that 139 remain. The cedar ap- 

 pears to have first produced cones in England, in the Chelsea Botanic 

 Garden, about 1766 : since which, partly from imported cones, and partly from 

 cones ripened in this country, it has been extensively multiplied, and there are 

 now few gentlemen's seats in Great Britain that do not possess several trees. 



The first cedars planted in Scotland appear to have been some at Hopetoun 

 House, which, tradition says, were brought thither by Archibald Duke of 

 Argyll, in 1740. (See p. 102.) The date given by Dr. Walker, is 1748; 

 but the same author elsewhere states that the cedar was not planted any- 

 where in Scotland till after 1730, thereby showing that he had no positive 

 data as to the year of its introduction. Boutcher, writing in 1775, says that 

 he had raised more cedar trees than any other man in Scotland ; and that he 

 was the first who made them common in that part of the island. When it was 

 introduced into Ireland is uncertain. (See p. 114.) 



The cedar was not introduced into France till 1734, when Bernard De 

 Jussieu, returning from his first visit to England, brought with him two plants, 

 so small, that, to preserve them more securely, he is said to have carried them 

 in the crown of his hat. One of these plants was placed on the mount in the 

 Jardin des Plantes (see p. 137. and p. 2405.) ; and it was not known what had 

 become of the other, till, in 1832, it was discovered by M. Me"rat, at the Cha- 

 teau de Montigny, near Montereau, a little town about eighteen leagues from 

 Paris. This chateau was built by Daniel-Charles Trudaine, Intendant des 

 Finances under Louis XV., and embellished by his son, Trudaine de Montigny; 

 but, in 1836, it was in the possession of an English nobleman. (Ann. d'Hort. de 

 Paris, xviii. p. 114.) The tree in the Jardin des Plantes was measured by 

 Loiseleur Deslongchamps in January, 1812, and again in March, 1837. At 

 the former period, the circumference of the trunk was 8 ft. 8 in. ; and, at the 

 latter, 10 ft. It was observed to this author, by Professor Desfontaines, that 

 this cedar had been greatly injured by an accumulation of soil, which was 



