2454 ARBORETUM AND FRUTJCETUM. PART III. 



and fir tribe. When the seeds are sown in autumn, immediately after being 

 gathered, they sometimes come up the following year. Cuttings should be 

 made in autumn, of the wood of the same year, with a small portion of the 

 preceding year's wood attached ; and they should be planted in sand, or in a 

 very sandy loam, in a shady border, and covered with hand-glasses. Cuttings 

 put in in September will form callosities at their lower extremities the same 

 autumn, and should be protected by mats during severe frosts in winter : the 

 following autumn they will be ready to transplant. Layers may be made 

 either in autumn or spring. 



GENUS IX. 



THU'JA L. THE ARBOR VITJE. Lin. Syst. Monoe'cia Monadelphia. 



Identification. Lin. Gen., 1078. ; Reich., No. 1176. ; Schreb., No. 1457. ; Tourn., t. 358. ; Juss.,413.; 

 Gajrtn., t 91. ; Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 2. 



Synonymes. Thuya, or Arbre de Vie, Fr. ; Lebensbaum, Ger. 



Derivation. From thyon, sacrifice ; in consequence of the resin of the Eastern variety being used 

 instead of incense in sacrifices. Why it was called Arbor Vita? is uncertain. Parkinson says the 

 American species was presented to Francis I. under this name, and that it has been continued 

 ever since, though for what reason he knows not. It was called the Arbor Vitae by Clusius. 

 Royle mentions that, in the East, the cypress is called the tree of life ; and that its berries, &c., are 

 considered a cure for all diseases. 



Description, $c. Narrow, pyramidal, evergreen trees, or large fastigiate 

 shrubs; natives of Asia, Africa, and North America, and for the most part 

 hardy in British gardens. The species have been divided by Professor Don 

 into the following sections : 



1. Thiijte verce. Cones oblong-compressed ; scales consisting of a definite 



number (4 or 6), coriaceous, smooth, with one tubercle under the 

 apex ; two exterior ones shortened, boat-shaped. Seeds compressed, 

 winged. To this belong T. occidentalis L., T. plicata Donn, and 

 T. chilensis D. Don. In T. occidentalis the seeds are flattened, winged 

 all round, emarginate at the apex. 



2. Biota. Cones roundish, squarrose ; scales indefinite in number, peltate, 



woody. Seeds bellying, crustaceous, without wings. To this belongs 

 T. orientalis L. 



3. Cyparissa. Cones roundish ; scales indefinite in number, peltate, woody. 



Seeds winged at the apex. To this belong, T. cupressoid.es L., 2^. 

 pensilis D. Don. y and T. pendula D. Don. 



1. Thujce veraz. 

 11.7". OCCIDENTALS L. The western, or American, Arbor Vitas. 



Identification. Ilort. Cliff., 449.'; Hort. Ups., 289. ; Roy Lugd., 87. ; Smith in Rees's Cyc. No. 1.; 

 Kalm Itin., 3. p. 389. ; Mill. Diet., No. 1. ; Du Koi Harbk., 2. p. 455. ; lilackw., t. 210. ; Kniph. Cent., 

 1. No. 91. ; Wang. Amer., 7. t. 2. ; Willd. Arb., 383.; Baum., 504.; Sp. PL, 4. p. 508. ; Michx. Arb., 

 3. t. 29. ; N. Du Ham. t 3. p. 12. ; Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., 2. p. 646. ; Michx. N. Amer. Syl., 3. 

 p. 226. ; Rich, sur les Conif., p. 4'3. 



Synonymes. Thuja Theophrastt Bauh. Pin., 488. ; A'rbor VHse Clus. Hist., 1. p. 3ft ; white Cedar, 

 ' Amer. ; Cedre ameiicain, Cfedre blanc, Arbre de Vie, Fr. ; gemeiner Lebensbaum, Ger. ; Albero de 

 Vita, Ital. 



Engravings. Blackw., t. 210. ; Wang. Amer., 7. t. 3. ; Michx. Arb., 3. t 29. ; Rich. Con., t. 7. f. 1. ; 

 our figs. 231'2. to 2314.; and the plate of this tree in our last Volume. 



Spec. Char., $c. Branchlets 2-edged. Leaves imbricated in 4 rows, ovate- 

 rhomboid, adpressed, naked, tuberculated. Cones obovate; interior scales 

 truncate, gibbous beneath the apex. {Willd.) A moderate -sized tree, or 

 large shrub ; a native of Canada, and in cultivation in England since 1596;, 

 flowering in May, and ripening its cones in the following autumn. 



Varieties. 



1 T.o.2variegata Marsh., p. 243. ; T. o. foliis varie^tis Lodd. Cat., 1836; 

 has the leaves variegated. There is a tree in the Horticultural 



