NO. I ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS FEWKES 21 



about .Gallup belongs to the same type as that from Kintiel which 

 Gushing, from legendary evidences, found to have been settled by 

 Zuni clans. 1 



RUINS IN HILL CANYON 



The country directly south of Ouray, Utah, is an unknown land 

 to the archeologist. Geologically speaking it is a very rugged region, 

 composed of eroded cliffs and deep canyons which up to within a 

 few years has been so difficult. of access that white men have rarely 

 ventured into it. At present the country is beginning to be settled 

 and there are a few farms where the canyon broadens enough to 

 afford sufficient arable land for the needs of agriculture. The canyon 

 is very picturesque, the cliffs on either side rising from its narrow 

 bed by succession of natural steps (pi. 7, a) formed of sandstone 

 outcrops alternating with soft, easily eroded cretaceous rock. Its 

 many lateral contributing canyons are of small size, but extend deep 

 into the mountain in the recesses of which are said to be hidden many 

 isolated cave shelters, and other prehistoric remains. The cliffs 

 and canyons of this region are not unlike those farther south along 

 the Green and the Grand Rivers, a description of which, quoted from 

 Prof. Newberry, 2 pictures vividly the appearance of the weird scenery 

 in these canyons. He says : 



From this point the view swept westward over a wide extent of country 

 in its general aspect a plane, but everywhere deeply cut by a tangled maze of 

 canyons and thickly set with towers, castles, and spires of varied and striking 

 forms; the most wonderful monuments of erosion which our eyes already 

 experienced in objects of this kind had beheld. Near the mesa we are leaving 

 stand detached portions of it of every possible form from broad, flat tables, to 

 slender cones, crowned with pinnacles of the massive sandstone which forms 

 the perpendicular faces of the walls of the Colorado. These castellated groups 

 are from 1,000 to 5,000 feet in height, and no language is adequate to convey a 

 just idea of the strange and impressive scenery formed by their grand and 

 varied outlines. Their appearance was so strange and beautiful as to call out 

 exclamations of delight from our party. 



In this wild country up to his time rarely visited by white men, 

 Prof. Newberry also graphically described ruins not greatly unlike 

 some of those in Hill Canyon as follows : 



Some two miles below the head of Labyrinth Canyon we came upon the 

 ruins of a large number of houses of stone. Evidently built by the Pueblo 



1 4th Ann. Rep. of the Director of the Bur. Amer. Ethnol. ; also 22d Ann. Rep. 

 Bur. Amer. Ethnol., pp. 124, 125. 



2 This account is taken from a report of an Exploring Expedition from 

 Santa Fe, New Mexico, in 1859, under command of Capt. Macomb ; published 

 in 1876 by the Engineers Department, U. S. A. 



