44 



SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 63 



and feathers, are used in several ceremonies, as the Winter Solstice, 1 

 and a dramatic festival 2 which occurs yearly in March. Wooden 

 representations of the same horned snake are carried as insignia by a 

 warrior society called the Kwakwantu, 3 in the New Fire Ceremony. 

 The priests of the Tewan pueblo, Hano, among the Hopi also have 

 effigies of the horned snake, the worship of which their ancestors 

 brought to Arizona from New Mexico. These effigies are yearly 

 made of clay and form conspicuous objects on the December altars 

 of that pueblo. 



FIG. 28. Serpent. Osborn Ruin. (Osborn collection. E. D. O. Jr. del.) 



The head shown in figure 28 has a horn curving forward 

 almost identical with that on the head of a horned serpent on a bowl 

 from Casas Grandes in the Heye collection. Its gracefully sinuous 

 body is decorated with alternating geometric figures, curves and 



*The Winter Solstice Ceremony. Amer. Anthrop., ist ser., vol. n, Nos. 

 3, 4, pp. 65-87, 101-115. 



2 A Theatrical Performance at Walpi. Proc. Washington Acad. Sci. vol. 2, 

 pp. 605-629. Native pictures of the Hopi horned snake may be found, pi. 26. 

 2ist Ann. Rep. Bur. Amer. Kthnol. 



3 The horned serpent cult at Walpi is said to have been introduced from the 

 south. 



