166 



MUSCULAR SYSTEM. 



FIG. 



/i 



y (Fig. 76-) The recti postici and antici, the obliqui ca~ 

 pitis, the splenii capitis et colli, and the strong complexi (Fig. 

 76. c,) rotate the head on its single occipital condyle, and 

 bend the neck to either side. The inter-transversales, inter- 

 spinales, transversalis colli, spi- 

 nales dorsi et colli, trapezius, cu- 

 cullaris, biventur cervicis, rhom- 

 boideus, trachelo-mastoideus, and 

 scaleni muscles are also well 

 marked in the flexible neck of 

 birds, and important in the move- 

 ments of this part of the skele- 

 ton. The longus colli passes up- 

 wards from the spinous processes 

 of the lower cervical and ante- 

 rior dorsal vertebra, to be in- 

 serted into the transverse pro- 

 cesses of most of the vertebrae of 

 the neck. The external inter- 

 costals are divided each into an 

 anterior and a posterior, half by 

 the osseous appendices extend- 

 ing backwards from the margins 

 of the ribs, and the internal in- 

 tercostals extend backwards no 

 farther than these appendices. 

 The serrati, the latissimus dorsi, 

 the obliquus externus, and inter- 

 nus abdominis, the transversalis 

 and most of the muscles con- 

 fined to the trunk are feeble in 

 this class. The broad thin recti 

 abdominis, connected together by 

 a broad linea alba, and destitute 

 of tendinous intersections, diverge at their posterior or lower 

 part, to be inserted into the detached and feeble pubic bones. 

 The muscular parietes of the abdomen are here thin and 

 feeble, and very short, from the greater portion of that ca- 

 vity being covered and supported by the large sternum, and 

 the muscular bands forming the rudimentary diaphragm ex- 

 tend upwards and inwards from the margins of the sternal 



