72 PRACTICAL HISTOLOGY. 



a. Columnar cells. These resemble ciliated cells with- 

 out their cilia. At the free border of the cell there is a 

 clear band which, unlike the granular substance of the cell, 

 does not stain readily with magenta. Fine vertical striae 

 may possibly be seen in the band ; these, however, will 

 probably be more evident in the next preparation. 



b. Chalice cells. These cells are found amidst the 

 ciliated epithelium of the respiratory passages, and the 

 columnar epithelium of the intestine more especially. They 

 are most readily found in the large intestine of the cat, and 

 after staining with magenta, they may be easily seen in a 

 preparation made as above. 



They are generally about twice as broad as the ordinary 

 columnar cells ; some, however, are about the same 

 breadth. The free end of the cell is open, with a margin 

 that may be regular or irregular. The mouth of the cell 

 leads into a large vacuole. A nucleus with a small quantity 

 of protoplasm is usually found near the attached end of the 

 cell. 



95. Scrape the mucous membrane of small intestine of 

 cat, hardened in chromic acid and potassium bichromate 

 ( 7). Diffuse the scraping in water with the point of a 

 needle ; cover, and examine (H). 



a. Profile View of the Cells. The ordinary columnar 

 cells may be formed singly or in clusters. The fine vertical 

 lines, in their striated borders, are most readily seen with a 

 power of 1000 diam., nevertheless, they are discernible 

 with a power of 300, in specimens that have been macerated 

 a sufficient time. They are probably fine canals (Kolliker). 

 A chalice cell may perhaps he found here and there be- 

 tween the columnar cells. 



b. View of the free ends of the cells. A superficial view 

 of the free ends of the cells has the appearance of a mosaic. 

 The polygonal shape of the cells results from their collateral 

 pressure during their growth. The rounded opening of a 

 chalice cell may be seen. This is generally smaller than 

 the ends of the neighbouring columnar cells. 



96. The mosaic and the openings of the chalice cells may be readily 

 seen if a portion of perfectly fresh small intestine of the cat or frog be 



