CESSES IN ADDITION TO RENT 45 



rent, and the total only is stated in the Jamabandi 

 (Revenue Statement), that is, supposing the rent to be 

 one-third, or 13 1/3 seers per maund, and the kharch 

 to be 4 seers, the rent would be entered at 17 1/3 seers 

 without detail ; but in Thakurdwara, where the rough 

 khatauni was made out before the order was issued, 

 the full details were recorded, and are still to be found 

 on many of the inspection slips which Mr. Crosthwaite 

 had prepared. 



1 From these it is clear that the allowance to the 

 patwari (rasum), and to the village servants (kamina), 

 and to the poor (sauri), are all different from kharch, 

 and do not as a rule vary according to the rate of batai, 

 being generally deducted from the whole crop, whereas 

 the kharch is usually paid from the tenant's share only, 

 and is almost always heavier on those who pay the 

 lighter rates. 



' The more grasping zemindars have further enhanced 

 their claims by demanding additional petty payments, 

 such as the following : 



1 1. Khakhma : About half or three-quarter seer per 

 maund to make up for the dust which the zemindar 

 assumes has got mixed up with his share of the pro- 

 duce and has thus added to its weight. 



'2. Nazar: Theoretically a present to the zemindar's 

 karinda (agent) for his trouble in supervising the divi- 

 sion of the crops, converted by some zemindars into a 

 regular payment of a rupee, or rather less, from all the 

 well-to-do tenants in addition to their regular rent. 



1 3. Biaha : A benevolence on the occasion of wed- 

 dings in the zemindar's family. 



'4. Wazan kashi : A fee on the weighments of the 

 grain ; evidently a preposterous demand in addition to 

 kharch, but still taken in some cases. 



' 5. A percentage of about an anna in the rupee over 

 and above the fair current bazar price in cases where 

 the zemindar takes the value of the grain instead of 

 the grain itself from the tenant. This is still more 



