32 TOBACCO IN AMERICA. 



the two was once the favourite pipe of the eloquent 

 Keokuk, chief of the Sacs and Foxes, whose name 

 occupies a conspicuous place in the Indian history of 

 the North-west. These pipes were smoked with long 

 tubes of wood, from twenty inches to three feet in 

 length, fantastically ornamented with feathers and 

 beads." (Squier and Davis.) 



The sculpture of these articles, which is sometimes 

 attempted in imitation of the human figure and of 

 various animals, is often tasteful. But they never 

 display the nice observation, and true, artistic appreci- 

 ation and skill exhibited by those of the mounds, 

 notwithstanding their makers have all the advantages 

 resulting from steel implements for carving, and from 

 the suggestions afforded by European art. The only 

 fair test of the relative degrees of skill possessed by 

 the two races would be in a comparison of the remains 

 of the mounds with the productions of the Indians 

 before the commencement of European intercourse. 

 A comparison with the works of the latter however, at 

 any period, would not fail to exhibit in a striking light 

 the greatly superior skill of the ancient people. 



There are also pipes of clay found in Virginia, but 

 they are generally of rude workmanship ; one of these 

 with a singular head-dress, 

 <^~^j closely resembling some of 



those observed on the idols 

 and sculptures of Mexico, 

 is here copied from Squier and Davis, from whence we 

 also copy the plain pipe-head from a mound in Florida. 



