316 CULTURE, MANUFACTURE, ETC., OF TOBACCO. 



turned by horses were invented. One of the earliest of 

 these mills is here represented ; it is copied from the 

 shop-bill of Abraham Delvalle of St. Mary Axe, Lon- 



don, from whence we have also copied the pounding 

 process on p. 251. The horse in the foreground conti- 

 nually encircles the mill, and it is usual to cover his 

 eyes while doing so. His labour gives motion to two 

 heavy grindstones, which passing over so small a sur- 

 face, turn the snuff in every way and ultimately reduce 

 it to a fine powder. It is stirred by a man from time 

 to time, towards the centre. A crank is connected 

 with another grinding-mill for finer snuffs, where a 

 series of small pestles (precisely similar to those used 

 by the hand labourer in the cut on p. 251) are in use ; 

 by their peculiar form the snuff is stirred up from the 

 bottom, and ground by the globular muller, over and 

 over again, until it is properly triturated. The most 

 modern form of the snuff-mill retains this old feature of 

 the original manufacture, which will be best understood 



