CONTENTS 3 



CHAPTER XII 



PACK 



Valparaiso Excursion to the Foot of the Andes Structure of the Land 

 Ascend the Bell of Quillota Shattered Masses of Greenstone 

 Immense Valleys Mines State of Miners Santiago Hot-baths 

 of Cauquenes Gold-mines Grinding-mills Perforated Stones 

 Habits of the Puma El Turco and Tapacolo Humming-birds . 269 



CHAPTER XIII 



Chiloe General Aspect Boat Excursion Native Indians Castro 

 Tame Fox Ascend San Pedro Chonos Archipelago Peninsula 

 of Tres Monies Granitic Range Boat-wrecked Sailors Low's 

 Harbour Wild Potato Formation of Peat Myopotamus, Otter 

 and Mice Cheucau and Barking-bird Opetiorhynchus Singular 

 Character of Ornithology Petrels 290 



CHAPTER XIV 



San Carlos, Chiloe Osorno in Eruption, contemporaneously with 

 Aconcagua and Coseguina Ride to Cucao Impenetrable Forests 

 Valdivia Indians Earthquake Conception Great Earthquake 

 Rocks fissured Appearance of the former Towns The Sea 

 Black and Boiling Direction of the Vibrations Stones twisted 

 round Great Wave Permanent Elevation of the Land Area of 

 Volcanic Phenomena The connection between the Elevatory and 

 Eruptive Forces Causes of earthquakes Slow Elevation of 

 Mountain-chains 309 



CHAPTER XV 



Valparaiso Portillp Pass Sagacity of Mules Mountain-torrents 

 Mines, how discovered Proofs of the gradual Elevation of the 

 Cordillera Effect of Snow on Rocks-^Geological Structure of 

 the two main Ranges Their distinct Origin and Upheaval Great 

 subsidence Red Snow Winds Pinnacles of Snow Dry and 

 clear Atmosphere Electricity Pampas Zoology of the opposite 

 Sides of the Andes Locusts Great Bugs Mendoza Uspallata 

 Pass Silicified trees buried as they grew Incas Bridge Badness 

 of the Passes exaggerated Cumbre Casuchas Valparaiso . . 333 



CHAPTER XVI 



Coast-road to Coquimbo Great Loads carried by the Miners Co- 

 quimbo Earthquake Step-formed Terraces Absence of recent 

 Deposits Contemporaneousness of the Tertiary Formations Ex- 

 cursion up the Valley Road to Guasco Deserts Valley of 

 Copiapo Rain and Earthquakes Hydrophobia The Despoblado 

 Indian Ruins Probable change of Climate River-bed arched V 

 by an Earthquake Cold Gales of Wind Noises from a Hill 

 Iquique Salt Alluvium Nitrate of Soda Lima Unhealthy Coun- 

 try Ruins of Callao, overthrown by an Earthquake Recent sub- 

 sidence Elevated S'rells on San Lorenzo, their decomposition 

 Plain with embedded Shells and fragments of Pottery Antiquity 

 of the Indian Race 357 



